铁路车站股道运用排序模型与算法

遵守车站股道运用条件,在引入时间窗、权重和有限度3个参数的基础上,利用排序理论构建车站股道运用排序模型。结合列车在车站的实际作业过程和进路编排,利用启发式算法对模型求解,得到股道运用初始方案。基于排序原则选择、进路编排方式和多方案选优3种解改进策略对股道运用初始方案进行改进,得到股道运用改进方案。利用现代柔性理论,设置1个人—机交互接口,以股道运用可行性为第1优化目标、均衡性为第2优化目标,建立股道运用的柔性模型,按照人—机交互会话的方式进行求解。采用该模型与算法编制的铁路车站股道运用自动编排系统,目前已在广州东站和韶关站初步运用。     

Singular perturbation composite control of a free-floating flexible dual-arm space robot

The Free-floating Flexible Dual-arm Space Robot is a highly nonlinear and coupled dynamics system. In this paper, the dynamic model is derived of a Free-floating Flexible Dual-arm Space Robot holding a rigid payload. Furthermore, according to the singular perturbation method, the system is separated into a slow subsystem representing rigid body motion of the robot and a fast subsystem representing the flexible link dynamics. For the slow subsystem, based on the second method of Lyapunov, using simple quantitative bounds on the model uncertainties, a robust tracking controller design is used during the trajectory tracking phase. The optimal control method is designed in the fast subsystem to guarantee the exponential stability. With the combination of the two above, the system can track the expected trajectory accurately, even though with uncertainty in model parameters, and its flexible vibration gets suppressed, too. Finally, some simulation tests have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

可移动单元技术在柔性桌式包边方法中的应用

传统桌式包边方法中一台包边机只能生产一种门,不存在柔性功能,考虑当下柔性制造需求,并结合可移动单元技术,提出了多种可灵活应对不同工艺需求的柔性桌式包边方法,并在占地、成本、节拍方面进行了对比.同时根据某公司现场情况对柔性桌式包边方法进行了应用和验证,得出适合公司实际需求的包边工艺.     

基于柔性管线的Flex-Lay铺管船的发展

Flex-Lay铺管船是柔性管线铺设平台,通过分析全球Flex-Lay铺管船发展现状,Flex-Lay铺管船正向专业化和多功能化方向发展,为我国Flex-Lay铺管船发展提供借鉴。     

软土参数反分析方法及其在沉降预测中的应用

沉降预测与控制是当前客运专线设计、施工组织的关键技术,为保证沉降预测的准确程度,必须合理选取计算参数。采用黏弹塑(西原)模型模拟土骨架,并结合软土变形的大位移、大应变及渗透固结的特点,建立模拟施工过程的软土路基双重非线性固结分析有限元模型。以实测信息与计算信息的相对残差平方和最小为目标,引入考虑测点观测精度的加权值,建立根据多种测试信息进行参数反分析的目标函数,并采用Monte-Carlo法和可变容差法相结合的优化技术,对目标函数进行约束优化,较好地解决了可变容差法易于陷入局部最优解的难题。通过参数分组、初步试算、综合调整等步骤,建立了分阶段多层次动态施工反分析方法,从而使反分析所得计算参数具有明确的物理意义。实际工程应用表明,参数反分析方法本构关系清楚、物理意义明确,所得计算参数能较好地反映现场的实际情况,可准确预测沉降。     

Structural response of a flexible pipe with damaged tensile armor wires under pure tension

This article studies the structural response of a 6.0” flexible pipe under pure tension considering intact and damaged conditions. In the damaged condition, several wires of the tensile armor layers are assumed to be broken. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model devoted to analyze the local mechanical response of flexible pipes is employed in this study. This model is capable of representing each tensile armor wire and, therefore, localized defects, including total rupture, may be adequately represented. Results from experimental tests validate the FE predictions and indicate a reduction in the axial stiffness of the pipe, a non-uniform redistribution of forces among the remaining intact wires of the damaged tensile armor layers and high stress concentrations in the wires near the broken ones. Moreover, the FE model indicates that significant normal bending stresses may arise in the pressure armor and inner carcass due to an uneven pressure distribution on these layers. Finally, the results obtained are employed to estimate the pull out capacity of the studied flexible pipe.     

汽车车身柔性装焊生产线探讨

阐述了建立汽车车身柔性生产线的必要性，指出了车身装焊生产线是汽车车身柔性生产的关键，从工艺设备、工装夹具、机械化输送及自动控制几个方面控制实现柔性汽车装焊生产线的措施。分析了柔性装焊生产线－车身生产发展的趋势，论证了计算机是实现柔性自动控制的核心。     

The impact of structural flexibilities of wheelsets and rails on the hunting behaviour of a railway vehicle

The hunting motion of a passenger coach is investigated using a multibody system in which the wheelsets and the rails can be modelled as flexible bodies. By comparing the results for different model variants, in which the structural flexibilities of the wheelsets and of the rails are either taken into account or neglected, the impact of the flexibilities is analysed. It turns out that the flexibilities of both the wheelsets and the rails have a significant impact on the hunting behaviour by increasing the lateral motions of the wheelsets and lowering the critical speed. In order to investigate the impact of the flexibilities under different operating conditions, the calculations are carried out for track geometries using different rail profiles (60E1, 60E2) and different rail cants (1:40, 1:20) and for different values for the friction coefficient (0.25…0.4) at the wheel–rail contact. The results show that the influence of the flexibilities is the strongest for high lateral forces, which occur e.g. for contact geometries leading to high hunting frequencies and for high values of the friction coefficient. The results also show in some cases a strong impact of the flexibilities on the position of the wheel–rail contact on the running surface of the rail, which is of particular interest with respect to wear simulation.     

Method for obtaining the wheel–rail contact location and its application to the normal problem calculation through ‘CONTACT’

This work presents a robust methodology for calculating inter-penetration areas between railway wheel and rail surfaces, the profiles of which are defined by a series of points. The method allows general three-dimensional displacements of the wheelset to be considered, and its characteristics make it especially suitable for dynamic simulations where the wheel–rail contact is assumed to be flexible. The technique is based on the discretisation of the geometries of the surfaces in contact, considering the wheel as a set of truncated cones and the rail as points. By means of this approach, it is possible to reduce the problem to the calculation of the intersections between cones and lines, the solution for which has a closed-form expression. The method has been used in conjunction with the CONTACT algorithm in order to solve the static normal contact problem when the lateral displacement of the wheelset, its yaw angle and the vertical force applied in the wheelset centroid are prescribed. The results consist of smooth functions when the dependent coordinates are represented as a function of the independent ones, lacking the jump discontinuities that are present when a rigid contact model is adopted. Example results are shown and assessed for the normal contact problem for different lateral and yaw positions of the wheelset on the track.     

旧路加宽路面结构适用性分析

应用弹性层状体系理论对路面结构在不均匀沉降条件下的附加应力状况进行了计算。计算结果表明,在不均匀沉降位移作用下,降低基层材料模量,有利于路面各层合理受力;半刚性基层容易引起附加应力过大而产生结构性破坏;柔性基层更适合在旧路加宽路面结构中使用。