航班快速恢复建模与仿真研究

随着民用航空的发展与竞争,航班延误不仅影响航空飞行的安全与正常,更与航空公司的运营效率、运营成本及乘客利益息息相关。针对某一恶劣天气影响,对某公司受影响航班进行重新调配,考虑到航班的备降、盘旋等待、延误、取消等多种状态,以总成本最小为目标函数,建立航班快速恢复模型,通过MATLAB运用遗传算法设计航班恢复算法进行求解,得出最经济的航班恢复方案。     

分段线性变参数控制在数字式自动找平控制系统中的应用

为了验证分段线性变参数控制在自动找平控制系统中的应用前景,对自动找平控制系统的结构、控制方式进行了介绍;分析了分段线性控制方式的工作原理及特点,在实验室建立了沥青混凝土摊铺机数字式自动找平控制系统试验台,设计了3套试验方案,即普通电磁阀方案、高速开关阀方案和分段线性控制方案;对这3种控制方案进行了试验比较,得出了在阶跃干扰作用下,3种控制方案的响应速度及产生超调时的超调量。结果表明:分段线性控制方案具有较快的响应速度,但在系统产生超调时,其超调量相对较大。     

Solving the gate assignment problem through the Fuzzy Bee Colony Optimization

In the field of Swarm Intelligence, the Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) has proven to be capable of solving high-level combinatorial problems, like the Flight-Gate Assignment Problem (FGAP), with fast convergence performances. However, given that the FGAP can be often affected by uncertainty or approximation in data, in this paper we develop a new metaheuristic algorithm, based on the Fuzzy Bee Colony Optimization (FBCO), which integrates the concepts of BCO with a Fuzzy Inference System. The proposed method assigns, through the multicriteria analysis, airport gates to scheduled flights based on both passengers’ total walking distance and use of remote gates, to find an optimal flight-to-gate assignment for a given schedule. Comparison of the results with the schedules of real airports has allowed us to show the characteristics of the proposed concepts and, at the same time, it stressed the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

粘连蚕卵图像分离算法研究

针对蚕卵图像中存在的粘连或者部分重叠现象,本文提出了一种新的分离方法。该方法先采用模糊C均值聚类算法将蚕卵图像从背景中分割,然后采用模糊距离变换得到模糊距离图像,最后使用分水岭算法将粘连或者部分重叠蚕卵分离。实验证明,此法能够将粘连颗粒物图像有效分离。     

预应力混凝土箱梁短线台节段预制关键技术

阐述了预应力混凝土箱梁预制节段短线台施工工艺及原理,分析了预制节段梁划分的原理以及预制现场施工过程中产生误差的原因.短线台施工几何控制的关键技术是匹配梁的定位.从测量系统的建立、空间定位程序的运用来解释短线法的匹配调整基本原理.给出了短线台节段梁预制法的模板设计以及现场几何控制及调整程序的设计原理.     

Fueling for contingencies: The hidden cost of unpredictability in the air transportation system

The aviation community is increasing its attention on the concept of predictability when conducting aviation service quality assessments. Reduced fuel consumption and the related cost is one of the various benefits that could be achieved through improved flight predictability. A lack of predictability may cause airline dispatchers to load more fuel onto aircraft before they depart; the flights would then in turn consume extra fuel just to carry excess fuel loaded. In this study, we employ a large dataset with flight-level fuel loading and consumption information from a major US airline. With these data, we estimate the relationship between the amount of loaded fuel and flight predictability performance using a statistical model. The impact of loaded fuel is translated into fuel consumption and, ultimately, fuel cost and environmental impact for US domestic operations. We find that a one-minute increase in the standard deviation of airborne time leads to a 0.88 min increase in loaded contingency fuel and 1.66 min in loaded contingency and alternate fuel. If there were no unpredictability in the aviation system, captured in our model by eliminating standard deviation in flight time, the reduction in the loaded fuel would between 6.12 and 11.28 min per flight. Given a range of fuel prices, this ultimately would translate into cost savings for US domestic airlines on the order of $120–$452 million per year.     

高速公路场景图像的二值化及交通标志定位检测方法

采用CCD摄像机采集高速公路场景图像，并通过图像颜色空间变换，将图像的RGB量值转换为色度-饱和度-亮度（HSV）量值。采用基于阈值的方法对场景图像中颜色饱和度分量进行二值化分割处理；利用场景二值化图像形状特征（周长、形状参数、圆形性参数）去除非目标区域，并通过搜索场景二值化图像方向投影值序列的突变点实现标志准确定位。采用HSV颜色模型中的亮度分量和最佳阈值法对场景图像中标志区域进行二值化处理。结果表明，应用上述方法能取得良好的效果。     

基于熵最大化图像分割的直线型车道标识识别及跟踪方法

为了解决在道路路面材料不一致或光照不均匀情况下的车道标识线的识别和跟踪问题,提出一种基于熵最大化的图像分割可变形模板的车道标识线识别及跟踪方法.该方法结合了图像变窗口处理技术和基于熵最大化分割方法来实现对道路图像的理想分割,然后利用可变形模板匹配方法得到车道标识线参数,最后采用建立梯形感兴趣区域的方法实现对车道标识线的实时跟踪.试验结果表明：该方法具有很好的可靠性、鲁棒性和实时性.     

基于模糊隶属度曲面的遗传算法图像分割

介绍了遗传算法的发展历史和图像分割的应用现状，分析了基于基本的遗传算法的图像分割方法，并将遗传算法与模糊集理论相结合用于医学图像分割，提出了基于模糊隶属度的遗传算法的医学图像分割方法。并对不同方法，如分割效果、计算代价进行了分析比较。     

基于ComGIS的路面管理信息系统的设计

基于路面管理信息系统的需求分析，详细阐述了基于组件技术的路面管理系统的总体结构和功能模块，探讨了系统开发中涉及到的关键技术——动态分段技术和最短路径，提出了解决的方法，并在此基础上对数据库进行了设计。