虚阴极振荡器的研究进展

虚阴极振荡器是强流相对论电子束源中比较重要的一种微波源，能够产生很高的功率，近年来得到了广泛的重视。简要介绍了虚阴极振荡器的工作原理，综述了虚阴极振荡器的最新发展状况和发展趋势，以及用于虚阴极模拟的PIC方法和未来技术发展，分析了其性能和军事应用，最后评述了他们的发展前景。     

瘫船启动在COSCOQMC-Ⅰ型轮机模拟器中的实现

本文探讨了SOLAS公约关于船舶瘫船状态的定义、瘫船启动的概念以及船舶原始动力源的型式,阐述了瘫船启动在COSCOQMC-Ⅰ型轮机模拟器中是如何实现的,强调轮机管理人员应加强对船舶原始动力源的维护和管理,确保船舶的适航性和营运安全。     

固化剂稳定磷石膏路基填料的工程特性研究

为提高磷石膏路基填料的强度和水稳定性,降低有害物质溶出,采用甲基硅酸钠、硅酸钠和乳化剂制备磷石膏固化剂（CA）,并将质量比为0.5%、1.0%、1.5%和2.0%的CA加入到磷石膏中制备CA稳定磷石膏混合料（CASP）,研究了CA掺量对CASP的力学性质（加州承载比CBR、回弹模量、无侧限抗压强度和剪切强度）、水稳定性（泡水软化系数和接触角）与有害物质溶出量的影响规律,并结合扫描电镜试验揭示了CASP的强度形成与水稳定性增强机理。结果表明：CA中的硅酸钠与磷石膏可生成硅酸钙凝胶与硫酸钠晶体,前者的胶凝作用和后者的填充作用提高了磷石膏的强度和密实度,CASP的CBR、回弹模量、无侧限抗压强度和剪切强度随着CA掺量的增加而大幅提升;由CA中的甲基硅酸钠所生成的聚硅氧烷憎水膜,改变了磷石膏颗粒表面的亲疏水性质,降低了磷石膏孔隙,改善了磷石膏的水稳定性,CASP的泡水软化系数随着CA掺量的增加而变大,掺2.0%CA的CASP与水分的接触角为91.4°;浸水11 d后掺1.0%CA的CASP可满足高速公路的路床填料CBR不小于8%和路基回弹模量不低于40 MPa的技术要求;通过硅酸钙凝胶的物理吸附和化学结合,以及憎水膜的填充固封,CA显著降低了磷石膏砷、铬、铅、氟离子和磷酸根的溶出量,掺0.5%CA的CASP浸出液中砷、铬和铅含量分别满足地下水Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅳ级标准。     

对铁路保价运输发展的思考

阐述了铁路保价运输发展历程及特点,分析了影响铁路保价运输发展的主要因素,结合武汉铁路局实际情况,提出了提高服务质量,巩固和拓展保价大客户;合理调整费率,发挥价格杠杆的作用;加大保价运输营销宣传力度;提高安全防范能力,确保货物运输安全;建立快捷的赔付机制;加大日常管理力度,健全保价管理长效机制等加快铁路保价发展的对策。     

驾驶员安全可靠性多因素分析

影响驾驶员安全可靠性的身心因素很多,研究中对22项指标进行分析,将有关指标合并,归纳为6种主因子:第一主因子相关变量5种,反映驾驶员的反应能力;第二主因子相关变量4种,反映中枢神经系统的平衡控制能力;第三主因子相关变量5种,反映驾驶员视觉功能;第四主因子相关变量4种,反映注意综合品质;第五主因子相关变量3种,反映驾驶员速度判断能力;第六主因子为驾驶员听觉能力。基于主因子分析进一步整合,建立驾驶员安全可靠性评价指标体系。     

客车主要噪声源识别的试验研究

基于偏奇异值分析法识别噪声源的基本原理，采用了近场声压测量法，同步采集15个传感器的振动与声压信号，识别出客车车外噪声的主要噪声源，分析出各噪声源对车外噪声的贡献并做出降低车外噪声的预测分析。所采用的试验与分析方法具有计算量小、声源定位准确的特点，并且可以准确预测零部件的改进对车外噪声的影响。试验研究和实车应用表明，这种方法可以适用于复杂的工程实际。     

The impact of the Polar Code on risk mitigation in Arctic waters: a “toolbox” for underwriters?

The existing risk weighing on vessel, crew and ecosystem in the Arctic and more globally in Polar waters promoted the adoption of the Polar Code (PC) early 2017, a mandatory international legal framework intended for enhanced safety and environmental protection. While the substance of the PC has been extensively analyzed, few studies have focused on the underlying relationships between the PC and underwriters. Based on an extensive literature review, documentary materials and interviews with insurance companies, this article conceptualizes the PC as a “toolbox” and analyzes how underwriters can exploit it in their work within the emerging Arctic market. The PC does not only regulate the navigation in Arctic waters in legal terms, but is also aimed at mitigating risks in the Polar areas through the identification of hazard sources and proceduralization of risk assessment. As a result we observe a certain “Polar Code paradox”. Even though the PC is a risk-based instrument and constitutes a key step for improving ship insurability, it has only limited capacity to assist underwriters in assessing risks and insuring vessels. Marine insurers still face a lack of data and high pending uncertainties leading them to exercise extreme caution with Arctic risks appraisal.     

The vulnerability of the environment to spills of dangerous substances on highways: A diagnosis based on multi criteria modeling

Highways and freeways are the main infrastructure channel used to transport cargo in Brazil. This cargo often includes dangerous chemical products which can, in the event of an accident, negatively impact the environment. The development and implementation of tools for the rapid diagnosis of environmental vulnerability in the transportation of dangerous goods has been studied. However, for highways and freeways there is a lack of studies based on environmental attributes, and not just based on statistical data which demands a specific period for collection and analysis and only after that the implementation of preventive measures. Thus, evaluation grounded on multiple criteria embedded in Geographic Information System (GIS) has significant potential for the practical implementation of risk management of road transportation of dangerous goods. This study has determined the environmental vulnerability of route BR 050, specifically the segment between the cities of Uberlândia and Uberaba in the state of Minas Gerais, where multi criteria analysis has been efficient in determining the most vulnerable areas. The main attributes analyzed were the drainage density, soil type and geology, determining that in case of an accident with dangerous substances the regional environment would be immediately affected, and so endorsing the use of this tool in many segments involved in environmental management of highway enterprises.     

广西普通高等教育经费来源结构的变化与分析——以2001-2011年教育经费统计数据为例

近十年来，广西普通高等教育经费来源结构已呈现出多元化趋势。但是普通高等教育经费总量仍显不足；经费来源结构不尽合理，二元格局明显；科研经费拨款所占比例过小；过于依赖学杂费的增加。广西高等教育未来发展所需的经费保障，要求必须真正实现经费来源的多元化。     

广东省天然气水运调入需求与码头接卸能力适应性分析

以广东省经济社会发展和全省的能源消耗情况为基础,运用国内生产总值能耗法分析预测广东省未来一段时期的天然气消耗量以及水运调入量,对比广东省沿海现有、拟建的LNG接卸码头通过能力,进行广东省天然气水运调入需求与码头接卸能力适应性分析。