Integrating capacity analysis with high-speed railway timetabling: A minimum cycle time calculation model with flexible overtaking constraints and intelligent enumeration

Compared with most optimization methods for capacity evaluation, integrating capacity analysis with timetabling can reveal the types of train line plans and operating rules that have a positive influence on improving capacity utilization as well as yielding more accurate analyses. For most capacity analyses and cyclic timetabling methods, the cycle time is a constant (e.g., one or two hours). In this paper, we propose a minimum cycle time calculation (MCTC) model based on the periodic event scheduling problem (PESP) for a given train line plan, which is promising for macroscopic train timetabling and capacity analysis. In accordance with train operating rules, a non-collision constraint and a series of flexible overtaking constraints (FOCs) are constructed based on variations of the original binary variables in the PESP. Because of the complexity of the PESP, an iterative approximation (IA) method for integration with the CPLEX solver is proposed. Finally, two hypothetical cases are considered to analyze railway capacity, and several influencing factors are studied, including train regularity, train speed, line plan specifications (train stops), overtaking and train heterogeneity. The MCTC model and IA method are used to test a real-world case involving the timetable of the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway in China.     

基于统计能量法的船舶板架结构简化建模方法研究

统计能量法是解决复杂结构高频动力学问题的主要方法之一,限于其分析特性,过于细致化的建模会引发其计算量大、计算精度低等问题。针对典型的船体板架结构,提出基于统计能量法的船体板架结构简化建模方法,并结合数值计算加以验证。根据实际需求,提出简化建模的等效原则,给出多平板的简化建模方法;通过研究给出周期加筋板的简化建模方法;提出一种双层底结构的简化建模方法,并进行误差分析。     

周期运行图编制模型与算法研究

在周期运行的运输组织模式下,所有列车在车站到发都是周期循环发生的。将安排列车运行线的问题看作周期事件安排问题,并借助周期约束图及周期势差模型,可以建立周期运行图网络模型。模型充分考虑到列车不同情况下的停站时间、到发安全间隔等各项周期约束,并将列车的总停留时间最小作为目标函数。当约束图顶点和弧的数量众多时,模型的求解将比较困难。通过选择合适的约束图生成树,找到变量的合理取值范围,并对模型进行一些预先简化处理,可以降低模型的求解难度。最后求解一个区段不同列车开行方案的周期运行图,验证模型的可行性。     

Travelling Wave Solutions for Generalized KdV-mKdV Equation

A technique based on reduction of order for solving ordinary differential equations is developed to find exact solutions for a generalized KdV-mKdV equation that possesses high order nonlinear terms. The analytical expressions of several types of travelling wave solutions for the equation are obtained in terms of sin, cos, tan, cot, sinh, cosh, tanh, coth and algebraic profiles. It is shown that the wave speed of travelling wave solutions and the coefficient of low order derivative term in the equation are two main factors to determine the change in the physical structures of solutions.     

基于Berger码的故障-安全信号转换模块设计

设计1种基于Berger码状态分配的故障-安全信号转换模块,采用固定频率的交替信号作为输出,目的在于与铁路广泛应用的继电器保护电路合用,构成具有高故障-安全保险系数的控制信号输出端。     

Disturbance compensation with a torque controllable steering system

Via a conventional steering system the driver perceives desired and disturbing effects such as road feedback and resonance effects, respectively. They appear with overlapping frequency spectra within the driver's steering torque. This paper introduces a control algorithm that is suppressing periodic disturbances without affecting useful steering road feedback attributes as well as regular power assistance characteristic. This is realised by an integrated torque actuator within the steering column in conjunction with a conventional Hydraulic-assisted Power Steering (HPS) system.     

杂化势对周期性安德森模型电子结构的影响

采用格林函数退耦合方法，研究了杂化势对周期性安德森模型电子结构的影响，结果表明，费米能处的态密度随杂化势的增强而有系统的变化，可由单峰结构劈裂成双峰结构，并在费米能附近形成赝隙或能隙。     

周期弹簧振子结构的局域共振带隙和布拉格带隙特征研究

设计一种周期单元由一个弹簧振子与多个吸振器并联而成的周期弹簧振子结构,该结构可以同时实现低频段的局域共振(LR)带隙和高频段的Bragg带隙。建立周期弹簧振子结构的动力学模型,推导波在周期单元中传播的特征方程,详细分析结构参数对振动带隙边界频率的影响,研究周期结构的振动衰减性能。研究结果表明,周期弹簧振子在低频和高频均具有振动带隙特征,可以应用于结构的减振设计。     

Influence of shock absorber wearing on vehicle brake performance

In order to safely maintain a vehicle, it is necessary to verify the most important systems that affect safety during Periodic Motor Vehicle Inspections (PMVIs). In a previous paper, a test method and validation criteria were suggested by the authors to verify shock absorber status during PMVIs, as they are a fundamental component that may wear out during a vehicle’s life. In this paper, variations of the performance of the vehicle’s brakes resulting from shock absorber wearing have been analyzed, in order to confirm whether the suggested criteria is valid for taking into account longitudinal forces and pitch movement on the vehicle. A simulation-based study was conducted with several configurations of a worn damper on a vehicle driving on two virtual roads: smooth and undulating. The results confirmed that the damping coefficient established as an acceptable value to verify the shock absorber status in PMVIs is also valid considering the forces involved in a braking maneuver.     

32m高速铁路简支梁桥铺轨后残余徐变上拱限值研究

运用Midas软件分别建立简支梁桥-CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道空间耦合静力学模型和车-线-桥耦合动力学模型,进行32m高速铁路简支梁桥铺轨后残余徐变上拱限值研究。结果表明:桥梁残余徐变变形是影响32m波长周期性高低不平顺的主要因素;随着桥梁残余徐变幅值增加,长钢轨的附加不平顺呈线性增大,桥梁残余变形幅值为10mm时,钢轨的上拱变形量可达9.8mm;行车速度为380km·h^-1、桥梁残余徐变上拱幅值由3mm增加至10mm时,车体的垂向加速度峰值由0.275m·s^-2增加至1.159m·s^-2,旅客乘坐舒适度指标由1.549逐渐增加至3.105;当桥梁残余徐变幅值为8.0mm,在280~380km·h-1车速范围内,旅客乘坐舒适度指标达到3.108,桥梁梁端振动加速度达到5.217m·s^-2,已超出规范限值,因此建议高速铁路32m简支梁桥铺轨后其残余徐变上拱限值按7.0mm控制,为避免残余徐变限值的改变对桥梁设计方案产生显著影响,可通过适当延后铺轨时间保证桥梁残余徐变变形满足限值要求。