山区高速公路填石路堤压实质量控制

目前对填石路堤的施工工艺与质量控制标准,世界各国、各地区的方法都不尽相同。本文针对填石路堤的特点,以宜长高速公路填石路堤为例,探讨和研究了山区高速公路填石路堤压实质量控制技术,将压实度、固体体积率、碾压遍数、松铺厚度、沉降率、动态模量等多种质量控制标准进行比较,从而比较合理地提出了填石路堤快速无损检测及质量控制方法。     

GPR在高速公路隧道掘进中掌子面前方岩体结构超前预报工作中的应用

以上(海)瑞(丽)高速公路湖南境内邵(阳)-怀(化)段芭蕉溪隧道掘进中掌子面前方岩体结构的超前预报为例,通过地质雷达(GPR)探测,结合TSP203探测以及开挖掌子面的详细地质素描等工作,可以实时、详细、准确地了解开挖掌子面前方的岩体结构情况,为施工单位合理安排施工作业进度、减少工程隐患提供科学依据。     

基于岩体指标和掘进参数的TBM净掘进速率预测模型

净掘进速率是TBM施工速度的主要评价指标,与围岩物理力学性质、TBM掘进参数之间存在一定相关性。文章以兰州水源地建设工程输水隧洞双护盾TBM施工为背景,基于现场实测数据,选择岩石单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度、变形模量、泊松比、岩石耐磨性CAI值等岩体指标,以及刀盘推力和刀盘转速等掘进参数,进行TBM净掘进速率与有关影响参数之间的单因素相关性分析,得到相应拟合公式;基于TBM净掘进速率与岩体指标、掘进参数之间的相关性,利用多元非线性回归方法建立了TBM净掘进速率预测模型。通过将兰州水源地建设工程输水隧洞实测TBM净掘进速率和预测结果进行对比,验证了TBM净掘进速率预测模型的合理性。研究结果表明:(1)在复杂的多种地质条件下,TBM净掘进速率与岩石单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度、变形模量、岩石耐磨性CAI值、刀盘推力以及刀盘转速呈负相关关系,与泊松比呈正相关关系;(2)干湿状态对岩石耐磨性CAI值有一定影响,饱和状态下岩石耐磨性CAI值与TBM净掘进速率之间的相关性更显著;(3)建立的多元非线性回归预测模型,预测精度较高,可为相似地质条件下TBM净掘进速率估算提供参考。     

Back-Calculation of Ground Stress Field and Rockburst Analysis for Wunvfeng Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Studying the in-situ stress distribution at a tunnel site is very important to determine surrounding rock characteristics, the engineering design and the construction scheme. By using the multiple linear regression method based on the least square algorithm, the initial geostress field is analyzed and the corresponding regression coefficients are obtained. The ground stress obtained from the proposed back analysis is reasonable and can meet the demands of the engineering applications. From the rockburst risk level distribution diagram, it is speculated that the Wunvfeng tunnel is in the high filed stress area. Field monitoring should be strengthened and emergency plans should be made to cope with the rockburst risks during the construction process. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Mechanism of Tunnel Water Inflow Caused by Bending Failure of a Waterproof Dike Based on a Circular Thin Plate Mechanical Model北大核心CSCD

Water bursts during tunnel construction endanger construction, and it is therefore necessary to reserve a waterproof dike with the required thickness to avoid water bursts and to take reinforcement of the dike and treatment of the structure liable to trigger a water burst. Using the water burst at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel of the Shanghai-Chengdu expressway as an example, and considering the type of tunnel section and the upright mudstone of the dike, the waterproof dike at the work face is simplified as a round thin plate. A formula for the calculation of a minimum safety thickness for the critical waterproof dike is deduced by analyzing the force applied on the water-proof dike, and the minimum safety thickness for the water burst section at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is cal-culated. The numerical simulation analysis demonstrates the critical thickness of waterproof dike at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is 1.4-1.55 m, and the calculated water inflow and water burst basically agree with the actual condition. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Analysis on the Characteristics and Development Trends of the Support Technology of High Ground Stress Tunnels in China北大核心CSCD

Combining the present situation and development trend of different tunnel support technologies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems of rockburst in hard rock tunnels and large deformation in soft rock tunnels caused by high ground stress. It is concluded that: 1) regarding the rockburst problem, the current support technology is mainly influenced by the rock burst mechanism which is dominated by static factors, and so the used support components are generally of smaller deformation performance and "passive support" properties; 2) as the rockburst is the result of dynamic-static stress coupling, and only the anchor bolt has the "active support" attribute in the current "shotcrete+anchor bolt+wire net" support system, so the best support system should have the two functions of active support and energy release in terms of the rockburst problem, and the key focus of the research and development is anchorage members; 3) there are three main support types for large deformation in soft rock tunnels, e.g. the heavy support, layered support and yielding support. Among them, the heavy support system in underground cavern with large deformation is easy to induce excessive surrounding rock pressure, and so the applicable conditions are limited. The layered support system is still not the best choice due to its immature theoretical study, difficult determination of the thickness value and the installation time of each support layer and the interference to construction progress. With the characteristics of timely support and yielding while supporting, the yielding support system can give full play to the performance values of surrounding rocks and supporting materials, and make both of them reach the optimal state, so it is the best choice for supporting the soft rock tunnels with large deformations. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

挤压性地层中隧道围岩变形控制

从穿越瑞士列奇堡隧道的挤压变形性极强的碳质页岩带的经验中,可以得出下述结论：圆形含承压单元的支护截面,其收敛变形性总趋势要比马蹄形不含承压单元的支护截面小；圆形支护截面与马蹄形支护截面的变形性没有本质的区别；由于山体构造的不均一性,导致开挖断面的不规则变形,这是使承压单元过早脱落的原因。     

基于ASP.NET技术的围岩分级系统开发

文章介绍了开发的基于互联网的围岩分级系统。该系统以ASP.NET技术为基础,结合了数据库技术、支持向量机技术、MATLAB接口等技术,实现了掌子面围岩信息的编录存储、围岩级别的智能判别等功能,并能使设计、专家、业主等人员通过互联网就可以及时了解到掌子面的围岩状况,对围岩级别进行综合判定,提高了隧道施工的信息化程度。     

裂隙围岩的双场耦合可靠性分析

应力场和渗流场在裂隙围岩中的耦合变化规律,是非常复杂的力学过程。运用断裂损伤力学和可靠性评价原理,可推导出裂隙围岩可靠度表达式,说明可靠度与应力分布、渗流力作用、节理分布和岩体性质的相互关系。文章利用推导的裂隙围岩可靠度表达式,在雪峰山隧道YK97 847处进行计算验证,结果表明,在裂隙围岩中,可靠度低的部位不一定在主应力方位,也不一定在隧道顶端,而是因地应力分布、渗透水压、节理分布和岩体性质等综合作用,使局部围岩可靠度相对较低,该处围岩最容易变形坍塌。此研究结果可为隧道支护施工提供参考。     

矿山法海底隧道废水排水系统设计实践

以青岛胶州湾海底隧道工程为依托,对废水系统排水能力的确定、废水提升方案的选择及废水泵房优化设计等方面进行分析,探讨矿山法海底隧道废水排水系统的主要关键技术。主要结论如下： 1）废水排水能力确定的关键在于隧道的结构渗漏水的定量,常规的水下隧道的结构渗漏水量数据不一定适用于海底隧道,必须实际测量后确定; 2）废水提升方案关系到排水的经济性和安全性,核心在于选取安全可靠的水泵类型; 3）废水泵房优化主要从废水池有效容积、结构设计及设备检修等方面进行展开分析; 4）矿山法海底隧道废水排水系统的设计,必须从隧道实际情况出发,综合考虑各类影响因素,以达到安全、经济的设计目标。