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文章选取了7辆车进行噪声舒适性主客观评价试验,客观评价指标为驾驶员耳边噪声值,主观评价指标为滚动噪声、边棱敏感性等5个,评车师根据试验情况对试验车各指标进行打分并给出总分值。比较了不同试验车速车辆前后排的噪声值,并对主、客观数值进行多元回归分析。 相似文献
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Appropriate microeconomic foundations of mobility are decisive for successful policy design in transportation and, in particular, for the challenge of climate change mitigation. Recent research suggests that behavior in transportation cannot be adequately represented by the standard approach of revealed preferences. Moreover, mobility choices are influenced by factors widely regarded as normatively irrelevant. Here we draw on insights from behavioral economics, psychology and welfare theory to examine how transport users make mobility decisions and when it is desirable to modify them through policy interventions. First, we explore systematically which preferences, heuristics and decision processes are relevant for mobility-specific behavior, such as mode choice. We highlight the influence of infrastructure on the formation of travel preferences. Second, we argue that the behavioral account of decision-making requires policy-makers to take a position on whether transport policies should be justified by appealing to preference satisfaction or to raising subjective well-being. This distinction matters because of the (i) influence of infrastructure on preference formation, (ii) health benefits from non-motorized mobility, (iii) negative impact of commuting on happiness and (iv) status-seeking behavior of individuals. The orthodox approach of only internalizing externalities is insufficient because it does not allow for the evaluation of these effects. Instead, our analysis suggests that transport demand modeling should consider behavioral effects explicitly. 相似文献
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为了提高汽车动力传动系的冷却润滑效能,减少内燃机等高温、润滑不良产生的排放和噪声污染,保证冷启动性能,文章对汽车冷却、润滑和排气系统进行技术性能的分析,表明:精准测量内燃机冷却、润滑系温度和压力,能有效提升燃烧热效率、经济性和输出功率各约2%;高效利用内燃机冷却系余热用于除霜除雾,可以保证舒适性和安全性;理论分析内燃机排气系热能并回收利用,可以减少电磁辐射,改善环境. 相似文献
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高职学生犯罪的原因分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章对高职学生犯罪的理论进行了探究,分析了高职学生犯罪的主客观原因,为采取有效措施预防高职学生犯罪提供了依据。 相似文献
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In this paper, we develop an innovative and comprehensive transport evaluation criterion to better account for equity considerations in transport project evaluation. This work explores transportation benefits from the consumer’s perspective to accessibility as a key benefit generated by any transportation project. To assess the full benefits of transportation project implementation for various consumers and calculate the improvement in accessibility, it is best to use Activity-Based Models (ABM). ABMs have two important advantages for equity analysis, which have not been utilized in the literature so far: first, ability to analyze results by various groups of the population; second, these models can utilize the Activity Based Accessibility (ABA) measure to estimate the overall benefits from transport investments and policies. The ABA measure allows one person to have different accessibilities for different choice situations, depending on his/her characteristics. We suggest including social and spatial factors in social welfare assessment by introducing the concept of accessibility gains to key social activities. Specifically, it is suggested to incorporate subjective well-being consideration into a new evaluation framework “Equity Benefit Analysis” (EBA). we use an alternative measure, “Subjective Value of Accessibility gains” (SVOA), which is based on the ABM accessibility measure as well as on Subjective Well-Being (SWB) measure, as the key benefit taken into account in the evaluation process. The SVOA is not intended to replace the current practice of analyzing equity by comparing various impacts on different groups of the population, but can aid by providing policymakers with a single measure advancing both equity and efficiency considerations and facilitating comparison among alternatives. Initial case study results indicate the SVOA can show higher benefits to policies focusing on the needs of vulnerable social groups that compared traditional measures. 相似文献
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本文介绍了汽车车内气味评价的方法和原理,分析了影响气味评价的因素。说明了汽车车内气味评价是提高和改善车内空气质量的重要手段和方向。 相似文献
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综述了国内外汽车操纵性的评价方法及其发展过程.并介绍了驾驶员—汽车—道路闭环操纵系统操纵性评价研究的意义,还阐述了汽车操纵性评价中的基本问题,以及今后仍需大量深入进行的工作内容。 相似文献