浅谈民营船厂转模方向

民营船厂已成为中国造船行业中不可缺少的一部分,但其发展过程中又面临很多困难。本文在研究民营船厂的造船模式的基础上探讨其转模的方向。     

南水北调工程下穿高速公路暗涵施工控制技术

南水北调是国家重点工程,下穿既有结构物的大型暗涵是南水北调工程中一种比较典型的结构形式。下穿段浅埋暗挖施工过程中洞内安全和地面环境问题突出;对于大型钢筋混凝土结构而言,施工中防温裂技术难度大,影响因素错综复杂,一旦控制不当,容易造成结构裂缝超限。严重影响暗涵结构的耐久性和使用功能。论文以南水北调中线古运河枢纽工程下穿石太高速公路段为背景,对既有高速公路路面沉降和箱涵结构混凝土限裂温控标准进行了分析研究。研究认为,施工过程中既有路面沉降应控制在100mm以内、结构混凝土内部温降应控制在54．4℃以下,并在此基础上,提出了双中洞多分部开挖技术、一次性施作长管棚结合小导管注浆超前预支护技术、设置遮阳棚和地垄储料保温措施等综合施工技术,确保了施工过程中既有高速公路的运营安全和暗涵结构的工程质量。     

Optimal combinations of selected tactics for public-transport transfer synchronization

Handling efficiently and effectively real-time vehicle control is of major concern of public transport (PT) operators. One related problem is on how to reduce the uncertainty of simultaneous arrivals of two or more vehicles at a transfer point. Improper or lack of certain control actions leads to have missed transfers, one of the undesirable features of the PT service. Missed transfers result in increase of passenger waiting and travel times, and of passenger frustration. This work focuses on reducing the uncertainty of missed transfers by the use of control tactics in real-time operation. The developed model improves the PT service performance by optimally increasing the number of direct transfers and reducing the total passenger travel time. This model consists of two policies built upon a combination of two tactics: holding and skip-stop/segment, where a segment is a group of stops. The implementation of the concept is performed in two steps: optimization and simulation. The optimization searches for the best combination of operational tactics. The simulation serves as a validation of the optimal results under a stochastic framework. A case in Auckland, New Zealand is used. The results show that by applying the holding-skip stop, and holding-skip segment tactics the number of direct transfers are increased by about 100% and 150%, and the total passenger travel time is reduced by 2.14% and 4.1%, respectively, compared with the no-tactic scenario. The holding-skip segment tactic results with 47% more direct transfers than the holding-skip stop tactic for short headway operation.     

Equity-based timetable synchronization optimization in urban subway network

In the urban subway transportation system, passengers may have to make at least one transfer traveling from their origin to destination. This paper proposes a timetable synchronization optimization model to optimize passengers’ waiting time while limiting the waiting time equitably over all transfer station in an urban subway network. The model aims to improve the worst transfer by adjusting the departure time, running time, the dwelling time and the headways for all directions in the subway network. In order to facilitate solution, we develop a binary variables substitute method to deal with the binary variables. Genetic algorithm is applied to solve the problem for its practicality and generality. Finally, the suggested model is applied to Beijing urban subway network and several performance indicators are presented to verify the efficiency of suggested model. Results indicate that proposed timetable synchronization optimization model can be used to improve the network performance for transfer passengers significantly.     

浙江民营船厂转模势在必行

详细介绍了浙江民营船厂的造船模式,并对浙江民营船厂转模提出意见。