罐式集装箱计量性能试验分析

分别用几何测量法和容量比较法测试罐式集装箱容积,分析验证几何测量法测试罐式集装箱容积的测量不确定度,确定罐式集装箱容积的计量性能指标。     

《罐式集装箱容积》检定规程的制定

说明制定JJG（铁道）203—2010《罐式集装箱容积》的背景、主要依据和过程,介绍规程的适用范围、术语、计量性能要求、通用技术要求、计量器具控制、检定结果处理、检定周期等。     

沥青混合料体积设计及其效果评价

沥青混合料体积特性直接影响其力学性能与使用性能,但混合料级配、材料密度、设计方法等因素也直接影响沥青混合料的体积特性。本文对当前沥青混合料体积设计方法进行了分析,从多方面对CAVF法、Superpave法、马歇尔法等方法所设计的沥青混合料性能与体积特性进行了评价,并提出了用旋转压实仪复核其他方法所设计级配稳定性的建议。     

基于分级节点的高速铁路货运动车组开行研究

“八纵八横”高速铁路网货运节点可以利用聚类分析法,依据货运总量、GDP、人口、社会消费品零售总额、快递业务量、线路连接数、城市类别和节点类别等指标划分为4个等级。基于灰色系统预测模型,预测2025年高速铁路货运量,构建数学模型计算保本货运量。依据节点划分、货运量预测、保本货运量结果,计算各等级节点中盈利OD所占的比例,结合日均OD量,分析各等级节点间开办高速铁路货运的可行性。研究表明,在一级节点之间可以开行高速铁路货运动车组专列,在二级节点之间可以开行客货联挂动车组,三、四级节点可以采用捎带运输的方式。     

提高八钢专用铁路货运量的对策

优化调整货物运输结构、提高铁路发运占比是落实"蓝天保卫战"的一项具体举措。为了满足宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司生产规模的不断扩大、外运需求旺盛的实际,在对其铁路运输现状和需求,以及存在的线路质量较差、装卸效率较低、运输组织衔接弱等问题进行剖析的基础上,提出提高铁路货运量对策,即:推进路企直通战略合作、升级改造设备设施、构建调度全程统一指挥模式、优化货流源头组织,以加快调整运输结构,增加铁路货运量,推动铁路高质量发展。     

深海平台砰击载荷的数值分析

文章以深海平台为例,研究在迎浪海况的作用下,波浪对平台的砰击效应.将平台简化为大尺度,深吃水,几何形状规则的刚体,采用计算流体力学中的有限体积方法,将计算区域划分为一系列不重复的控制体积,使每个网格节点周围有一个控制体积,求解离散方程,利用流体体积理论捕捉自由表面的波形.依据三阶斯托克斯波波浪理论,利用fluent软件建立相应的数值水槽,并进行造波及消波设置,得到稳定的波浪场.采用固定平台六自由度的方法,初步地对平台所受的波浪砰击载荷进行分析计算.     

Seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological processes during 1994–2001 in the Sea of Japan/East Sea: A three-dimensional physical–biogeochemical modeling study

A Pacific basin-wide physical–biogeochemical model has been used to investigate the seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological fields with analyses focusing on the Sea of Japan/East Sea (JES). The physical model is based on the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS), and the biogeochemical model is based on the Carbon, Si(OH)₄, Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) model. The coupled ROMS–CoSiNE model is forced with the daily air–sea fluxes derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis for the period of 1994 to 2001, and the model results are used to evaluate climate impact on nutrient transport in Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) and phytoplankton spring bloom dynamics in the JES.The model reproduces several key features of sea surface temperature (SST) and surface currents, which are consistent with the previous modeling and observational results in the JES. The calculated volume transports through the three major straits show that the Korea Strait (KS) dominates the inflow to the JES with 2.46 Sv annually, and the Tsugaru Strait (TS) and the Soya Strait (SS) are major outflows with 1.85 Sv and 0.64 Sv, respectively. Domain-averaged phytoplankton biomass in the JES reaches its spring peak 1.8 mmol N m^− 3 in May and shows a relatively weak autumn increase in November. Strong summer stratification and intense consumption of nitrate by phytoplankton during the spring result in very low nitrate concentration at the upper layer, which limits phytoplankton growth in the JES during the summer. On the other hand, the higher grazer abundance likely contributes to the strong suppression of phytoplankton biomass after the spring bloom in the JES. The model results show strong interannual variability of SST, nutrients, and phytoplankton biomass with sudden changes in 1998, which correspond to large-scale changes of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Regional comparisons of interannual variations in springtime were made for the southern and northern JES. Variations of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass related to the PDO warm/cold phase changes were detected in both the southern and northern JES, and there were regional differences with respect to the mechanisms and timing. During the warm PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD increased in the south and decreased in the north in winter. Conversely, during the cold PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD decreased in the south and increased in the north. Wind divergence/convergence likely drives the differences in the southern and northern regions when northerly and northwesterly monsoon dominates in winter in the JES. Subjected to the nutrient change, the growth of phytoplankton biomass appears to be limited neither by nutrient nor by light consistently both in the southern and northern regions. Namely, the JES is at the transition zone of the lower trophic-level ecosystem between light-limited and nutrient-limited zones.     

三维激光扫描技术在大型舱容测量中的应用研究

大型舱容标定对于不同货物密度、船体强度和倾斜度等配载情况下的容积修正和及时的容积表更新都具有重要意义。为实现大型复杂船舱的精确、快速容积标定,利用三维激光扫描技术获取船舱内外完整的点云数据,经过点云配准、点云滤波、点云空洞修补等预处理后,对点云进行自动、半自动分割,再利用NURBS曲面重建方法构造出完整的船舱整体结构三维模型。设计出一套船舱构件模型库和基于NURBS曲面的曲面求交、曲面三角剖分和容积计算方法,并利用ObjectARX开发出一套基于AutoCAD平台的船舱模型重建和容积计算系统。提出的方法和系统在实船实验中的结果表明,数据处理效率高,相对误差小于0．2％。     

空气中粉尘对液压装置危害的试验研究

通过对液压装置的强化磨损试验,分别对无粉尘污染和模拟有粉尘污染条件下的磨损状况进行了详尽地观察和分析对比,从而证实了空气中粉尘污染具有更大危害性,并提出了控制空气中粉尘污染的措施.     

具有自由液面效应的圆柱绕流三维数值模拟

基于计算流体力学软件CFX、应用RNG k-ε湍流模型、结合流体体积法(VOF法)模拟均匀流场中半沉浸三维圆柱运动,分析自由液面对圆柱尾迹以及圆柱表面水动力特征参数的影响。结果表明:在自由液面流场中,雷诺数较高时,自由液面对流场流动的影响较小;而雷诺数一定时,自由液面对流场的影响随着傅汝德数的增加而增加;在自由液面作用下,圆柱的时均阻力系数和时均压力系数随流场的傅汝德数和雷诺数的增加而减小。