基于车辆自动定位数据的有轨电车运行效率分析与应用

结合有轨电车线路的现有车辆自动定位数据,分析有轨电车运行效率及其相关影响因素。其中,影响因素从站台、路段、交叉口3个方面进行考虑。定性分析了不同站台型式、站台位置、交叉口类型的属性特征,并量化不同路段的路段长度、所包含的交叉口个数,同时考虑了交叉口控制策略对有轨电车运行时间的影响。以某已运营的有轨电车线路为例,通过建立多元线性回归模型,从不同层面探究不同因素对已运营有轨电车线路运行效率的影响。最后用模型对有轨电车新建线路的运行效率进行预测,并提出建议。     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

城市轨道交通停车换乘设施选址研究

从选址和规模2方面考虑新建和扩建城市轨道交通停车换乘设施,采用基于路径的用户平衡配流模型和多方式配流方法,建立了基于投资最小化的城市外围停车换乘设施选址模型。     

几种常见的城市轨道交通高架标准站的站位及站型之间的比较和选择

城市轨道交通高架标准站的站位和车站型式,对高架轨道交通使用功能和工程造价有直接影响,对城市规划及城轨周边地区未来的发展也有间接影响。介绍了高架标准站的设计原则,通过对高架路中站与路侧站的比较,确定路中站更具优势,在此基础上,对高架路中站2种站台型式（岛式站台和侧式站台）及设备管理用房采用内置或外挂4种常见车站型式的比较分析,提出了高架标准站应该采用路中岛式,设备管理用房内置的车站型式。     

试论铁路职业卫生管理与技术服务支持

广州铁路集团公司是我国第一家铁路运输企业集团,职业卫生工作一直是企业卫生工作的重点,职业卫生管理和职业卫生技术服务也是企业履行社会责任、建立＂以人为本＂的现代企业制度的重要组成。通过分析铁路行业职业危害特点和职业卫生管理方面存在的问题,结合长期从事职业卫生技术服务工作的实践,提出加强与改进铁路企业职业卫生工作的对策,旨在助于促进《职业病防治法》在企业的全面贯彻落实。     

既有铁路扩能改造若干问题探讨

研究目的:根据新的技术政策、新的标准规范等要求,通过对既有线扩能改造中出现的与新的标准规范不相适应的若干问题的分析研究、对既有线通行双层集装箱的合理性及增建二线后改变维修体制的探讨,提出了觖决既有线扩能改造工程若干问题的基本思路。研究结论:对于既有线扩能改造工程的一些问题,应根据项目的特点,在本着避免既有线大拆大改、节省工程投资的原则下,结合铁路新的技术发展方向、新的标准规范要求,采取具体问题具体分析,对于新建线路应不折不扣地执行新的标准规范,对既有线改建则应充分考虑到既有线的现状特点,在满足项目功能需求的情况下,应尽可能地与新的标准、规范相适应,并应考虑未来的发展需要。     

多货物品种集装化运输的优化调度问题

用数学模型描述了供应商根据某一用户在各个不同时间段内对不同货物的需求量情况,利用各种不同型号的箱体进行分时段货物发送的问题。其最终目的是为了求得能够使运输成本和存储成本达到最小的货物发送方案,该问题是一个由批量问题和拼箱问题所组成的复合问题。就此问题,提出了一种三阶段算法。通过理论分析,该算法可以有效地解决此类问题。     

Hub location with flow economies of scale

A characteristic feature of hub and spoke networks is the bundling of flows on the interhub links. This agglomeration of flows leads to reduced travel costs across the interhub links. Current models of hub location do not adequately model the scale economies of flow that accrue due to the agglomeration of flows. This paper shows that current hub location models, by assuming flow-independent costs, not only miscalculate total network cost, but may also erroneously select optimal hub locations and allocations. The model presented in this paper more explicitly models the scale economies that are generated on the interhub links and in doing so provides a more reliable model representation of the reality of hub and spoke networks.     

Travel time estimation from sparse floating car data with consistent path inference: A fixed point approach

Estimation of urban network link travel times from sparse floating car data (FCD) usually needs pre-processing, mainly map-matching and path inference for finding the most likely vehicle paths that are consistent with reported locations. Path inference requires a priori assumptions about link travel times; using unrealistic initial link travel times can bias the travel time estimation and subsequent identification of shortest paths. Thus, the combination of path inference and travel time estimation is a joint problem. This paper investigates the sensitivity of estimated travel times, and proposes a fixed point formulation of the simultaneous path inference and travel time estimation problem. The methodology is applied in a case study to estimate travel times from taxi FCD in Stockholm, Sweden. The results show that standard fixed point iterations converge quickly to a solution where input and output travel times are consistent. The solution is robust under different initial travel times assumptions and data sizes. Validation against actual path travel time measurements from the Google API and an instrumented vehicle deployed for this purpose shows that the fixed point algorithm improves shortest path finding. The results highlight the importance of the joint solution of the path inference and travel time estimation problem, in particular for accurate path finding and route optimization.     

基于多旅行商问题的应急设施服务区划分模型

基于多旅行商问题，增设集散中心需求及应急服务设施资源容量约束条件，以最小化遍历区域内全部集散中心的综合旅行时间成本为优化目标，构建一种应急设施服务区划分模型，确定各应急设施的服务区范围.设计一种复合算法求解模型，首先基于P-中值选址模型的优化理念，形成初始方案；继而加入禁忌搜索算法，结合LKH求解器对模型进行迭代优化求得最优解.基于宁波市北仑区实际拓扑网络进行案例分析，验证了模型和求解方法的有效性.