多模式交通环境下上海居民职住选择行为

随着城市尺度不断扩张,由职住分离带来的长距离、长时间通勤交通问题日益严重。为研究多模式交通环境上海居民职住位置选择行为及其影响因素,基于网络问卷调查数据、上海市路网数据及房价数据,构建方式选择与目的地选择联合模型,按照选择次序,分析各出行方式的服务水平和房价等变量对居住地和工作地的选择影响。结果表明,居民倾向于选择通勤距离近、交通可达性良好、房价低和人文生活环境较好的小区工作生活,同时年长者和低收入群体对通勤距离和房价更敏感。     

湘潭湘江四大桥桩基混凝土的配合比设计及其应用

本文综述了湘潭湘江四大桥桩基混凝土配合比设计过程中对原材料的选择,及其在实际工程应用过程中灵活使用外加剂后掺法解决了外加剂与水泥适应性不良的问题,保证了工程的质量和施工进度。     

列车运行数字仿真及其在技术标准优化建模中的应用

本文详细论述了列车运行数字仿真模型和基于仿真计算结果的运营指标的建模方法，并给出了仿真逄例也结果分析，以列车运行数字仿真的计算结果作为建模的基础数据具有一致性和可比性强，模型可靠且精度高的特点。本研究为铁路主要技术标准综合优化的推广使用奠定了必要的基础，具有广阔的应用前景。     

厦门港口所需配备的大型浮吊探讨

厦门港口配置的浮吊技术性能己严重滞后,跟不上港口发展的态势。进行了厦门港码头上门式起重机的参数分析,载重货轮的技术分析、业务工作量的分析,对厦门港大型浮吊的选型提出了建议。     

Estimation of value of travel time reliability

In mode choice decision, travelers consider not only travel time but also reliability of its modes. In this paper, reliability was expressed in terms of standard deviation and maximum delay that were measured based on triangular distribution. In order to estimate value of time and value of reliability, the Multinomial and Nested Logit models were used. The analysis results revealed that reliability is an important factor affecting mode choice decisions. Elasticity is used to estimate the impacts of the different policies and system improvements for water transportation mode. Among these policies, decision maker can assess and select the best alternative by doing the benefit and cost analysis based on a new market share, the value of time, and the value of reliability. Finally, a set of promising policies and system improvement of the water transportation were proposed.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

交通信息服务条件下的出行选择分析

首先 ,探讨了出行者的出行心理、行为以及信息之间的相互关系 ,在此基础上 ,简要分析了出行者的出行选择。其次 ,考虑在交通信息服务条件下 ,由于出行者本身以及信息方面的原因 ,出行选择可能出现过激反应、集聚反应等问题。最后 ,针对上述问题 ,提出应该加以重视的或有待进一步研究的几个问题。     

Introduction: Habitual travel choice

In this introduction to the special issue on habitual travel choice, we provide a brief account of the role of habit in travel behaviour, discuss more generally what habitual choice is, and briefly review the issues addressed in the solicited papers. These issues include how habitual travel behaviour should be measured, how to model the learning process that makes travel choice habitual, and how to break and replace car-use habits.     

汽车防追尾碰撞数学模型研究

为了提高车辆在高速行驶状态下的主动安全性能,研究了处于追尾行驶状态的本车与前车的运动学特征;针对前车的不同运动状态分别推导出了跟车距离的计算模型并分析了模型中3个关键参数的随机性和动态性,对制动迟滞时间提出了基于模糊推理的确定方法,对本车制动减速度和前车的运动加速度提出了比较实用的动态测算公式;另外,研究了防追尾碰撞的控制与执行,建立了动态调整安全制动停车距离的神经网络模型,提出了基于危险裕度判别的安全控制方法。     

高速公路可变收费标准模型研究

在介绍可变收费的理论基础上,分析影响高速公路可变收费标准制定的主要因素,并讨论不同时段收费费率同交通量的关系。在设定的可变收费方案下,建立了出行者选择的二元logit模型,根据调研样本,采用最小二乘法对模型参数标定并对设定的可变收费方案进行评价,结果证明可变收费能使交通流在各时段合理分布,从而提高了高速公路的服务水平。