我国机场货运规模体系评价及优化建议

新形势下,优化中国机场货运规模体系对中国民航高质量发展和民航强国建设具有重要现实意义。从总量规模、货运功能、整体优化水平的多视域角度可以对中国机场货运规模体系进行综合评价。分析表明:(1)目前,我国航空货运形成了"4+3+N"机场发展格局;(2)我国机场货运功能整体呈现"低水平、扁平化"发展态势;(3)我国机场货邮规模体系优化程度有待提高,与美国也存在一定发展差距。本文的政策涵义在于,中国机场货运规模体系优化要有系统性思维,结合当前发展新形势和新机遇,重点应在供需两侧、系统布局、改革协同三个维度进行顶层设计。     

水深平均k—ε紊流模型在大尺度水域中的应用研究

本文利用Patanker求解紊动输运方程标准的SIMPLEC计算程式,对小尺度丁坝绕流进行了模拟计算,取得了与水槽试验一致的流速分布结果。为了探讨大尺度水域紊动量K、ε壁面边界条件的给定,本文将水槽看成是一种比尺模型,将水槽试验流速分布按重力相似和阻力相似准则延伸到大尺度水域,并以此研究k—ε模型模拟大尺度回流的置信水平。计算结果表明通过选择合适的紊动量壁面边界条件,该模型对大尺度回流计算也能取得较好的结果。     

中小型水利工程施工劳务管理存在的问题及对策

根据中小型水利工程项目分散、投资小、工期短的特点,介绍了当前中小型水利项目施工劳务管理的现状,分析当前中小型水利工程劳务市场建立困难的原因,提出在当前形势下中小型项目施工企业须遵守国家的法律法规,杜绝违法劳务分包,推进劳务市场的建立、成熟和完善。     

三峡船闸(139m水位)一闸室船舶待闸研究

通过优化三峡船闸输水阀门运行参数,满足了船舶在一闸室待闸的停泊条件;组织代表船型进行实船试验,形成了连续调度快速安全的调度工艺,取得了在139m水位条件下,三峡船闸下行通航效率提高15%的效果。     

软件成本估算

成本管理是软件项目管理的主要内容之一，软件成本估算是项目成本管理的一个非常重要的部分。概述了常用的软件成本估算方法并比较了其优缺点，详细介绍了目前国际上广泛应用的由美国南加州大学软件工程研究中心提出的COCOMOⅡ成本估算模型。     

电务安全维修与大综合分散管理适应性探讨

针对电务专用管理要求,紧密围绕路局扩大再生产的攻关项点和任务目标,稳步推进电务劳动组织和维修体制改革,做到修程修制与劳动组织合理衔接,提出破解安全维修与分散管理的措施。     

我国城市轨道交通车辆选配实践及建议

分析国内轨道交通车辆选配的现状,指出车辆选配主要集中在常规制式车型上,虽与城市轨道交通发展的客观条件和基本需求相适应,但也存在基于预测客流选配车辆的盲目性、相互攀比性以及忽视车辆综合拥有成本、保持适度规模与适度组合等问题。因此,提出城市轨道交通车辆按线网层级划分的选配理论及优先发展策略,为今后的城市轨道交通车辆选配提供清晰的思路及合理的工作路径。     

我国道路客运业的现状及发展对客车制造业的影响

本文对我国道路客运业的现状和特点进行了分析介绍,指出道路客运业向集约化、规模化发展,客运经营主体的资质、经营管理水平等需要进一步的提高。道路客运业的发展对客车制造企业提出了更多要求,但二者又是相互融合、共同发展的。     

Buckle propagation of damaged SHCC sandwich pipes: Experimental tests and numerical simulation

Sandwich pipe (SP) combining high-strength performance and thermal insulation has been considered an effective solution for oil and gas transportation in ultra-deepwater. Strain hardening cementitious composite (SHCC) is well known for its capacity to withstand both tensile load and external hydrostatic pressure. The sandwich pipe considered in the research is constituted of concentric steel pipes with SHCC annular layer. In the present research work, the SHCC was manufactured, and full scale sandwich pipes were assembled. Intact and damaged specimens were submitted to controlled external pressure in a hyperbaric chamber to obtain the collapse and propagation pressures, respectively. Modeling and simulation of the buckle propagation of the SPs were correlated with the experimental results. The results show that sandwich pipe with SHCC core has an excellent structural strength under high external pressure in both intact and damaged conditions. Moreover, the results also show that the interaction between the annular and the inner/outer pipes provides a significant contribution to the buckling resistance under propagation pressure.     

Robust weekly aircraft maintenance routing problem and the extension to the tail assignment problem

In this paper, we study two closely related airline planning problems: the robust weekly aircraft maintenance routing problem (RWAMRP) and the tail assignment problem (TAP). In real life operations, the RWAMRP solution is used in tactical planning whereas the TAP solution is implemented in operational planning. The main objective of these two problems is to minimize the total expected propagated delay (EPD) of the aircraft routes. To formulate the RWAMRP, we propose a novel weekly line-of-flights (LOF) network model that can handle complex and nonlinear cost functions of EPD. Because the number of LOFs grows exponentially with the number of flights to be scheduled, we propose a two-stage column generation approach to efficiently solve large-scale real-life RWAMRPs. Because the EPD of an LOF is highly nonlinear and can be very time-consuming to accurately compute, we propose three lower bounds on the EPD to solve the pricing subproblem of the column generation. Our approach is tested on eight real-life test instances. The computational results show that the proposed approach provides very tight LP relaxation (within 0.6% of optimal solutions) and solves the test case with more than 6000 flights per week in less than three hours. We also investigate the solutions obtained by our approach over 500 simulated realizations. The simulation results demonstrate that, in all eight test instances, our solutions result in less EPDs than those obtained from traditional methods. We then extend our model and solution approach to solve realistically simulated TAP instances.