完善我国海难救助报酬分配的几点建议

救助报酬的分配是海难救助制度中一个至关重要的方面。分配方案的合理与否,公正与否直接影响鼓励救助这一目的的实现。分析了我国有关海难救助报酬分配的现状,比较、借鉴有关救助公约和英、美、日等国家国内法,为其完善提出了几点修改建议。     

我国水运业上市公司竞争力的实证分析

在充分理解企业竞争力的内涵和特点的基础上,从实际可操作性出发,以水运业上市公司2001年年报中的数据资料为依据,利用多元统计分析中的主成分分析方法对我国水运业上市公司的竞争力进行了全面性地定量实证分析,从而希望能为各水运企业的发展规划提供一些指导性的建议。     

牵引变电所相间短路保护及其分析

针对西南山区电气化铁路经常发生牵引变电所相间短路的现象进行了原理分析和特性研究,结合电弧电阻分布范围运用电路原理对牵引变电所在牵引、再生等多种负荷工况下发生相间短路时的电气参数进行了系统地仿真计算,对目前通行牵引网馈线保护在各种工况下对相间短路的响应进行了分析,得出在现行馈线保护配置方案中,距离保护无法对牵引变电所相间短路作出响应,电流保护受变压器接线形式和整定方法影响而响应各异的结论;结合仿真计算结果和实际动作记录数据对现行保护配置方案下,提高牵引变电所相间短路保护可靠性的措施进行了分析,并对增加阻抗保护范围、增加电流增量保护等改进措施进行了初步探讨。     

世界航运人才需求与中国外派海员预测

根据世界航运人才的需求状况,利用航运经济增长模型,测算出2010年世界航海人才的需求量,并运用多种方案预测出2010年中国外派航海人员的数量,以此为中国有关高校的航运人才的培养和相关国际人才中介服务公司的发展提供依据。     

Distribution of suspended sediment in the coastal sea off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth: observation from TM data

Remote sensing technique was applied to estimate suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and to understand transportation, distribution and deposition of suspended sediment in the estuary and throughout the coastal sea, off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth. During low river discharge period, zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the estuary near the shore. SSC map shows that maximum SSC reaches 1050 mg/l in this period. Magnitude of SSC is mainly owing to resuspension of the bottom surface sediments induced by tidal currents flowing over shallow water depths. The influence of depth on resuspension is farther revealed from the distribution and magnitude of SSC along the head of Swatch of No Ground (SNG) submarine canyon. During high river discharge period, huge river outflow pushed the salt wedge and flashes away the suspended sediments in the coastal sea off the river mouth. Zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the coastal water approximately within 5–10 m depth of water, where the maximum SSC reaches 1700 mg/l. In this period, huge fluvial input of the suspended sediments including the resuspended bottom sediments and the particles remaining in suspension for longer period of time since their initial entry control mainly the magnitude of SSC. In the estuary near the shore, seasonal variation in the magnitude of SSC is not evident. In the coastal sea (>5 m water depth), seasonal influence in the magnitude of SSC could be concluded from the discrepancy between SSC values of two different seasons. Transportation and deposition of suspended sediments also experiences seasonal variations. At present, suspended sediments are being accumulated on the shallow shelf (between 5 and 10 m water depth) in low discharge period and on the mid-shelf (between 10 and 75 m water depth) during high discharge period. An empirical (exponential) relationship was found between gradual settle down of suspended sediments in the coastal sea and its lateral distance from the turbidity maximum.     

变压器换位导线股间短路点的查找与排除

变压器线圈制造过程中经常出现换位(组合)导线有股间短路现象,如何查找短路点并且有效地排除故障显得很重要。本文介绍目前常用的几种短路点的查找和排除方法。     

Species of Thaumatomastix (Thaumatomastigidae, Protista incertae sedis) from the Arctic sea ice biota (North-East Water Polynya, NE Greenland)

The sea ice biota of polar regions contains numerous heterotrophic flagellates very few of which have been properly identified. The whole mount technique for transmission electron microscopy enables the identification of loricate and scaly forms. A survey of Arctic ice samples (North-East Water Polynya, NE Greenland) revealed the presence of ca. 12 taxa belonging to the phagotrophic genus Thaumatomastix (Protista incertae sedis). Species of Thaumatomastix possess siliceous body scales and one naked and one scale-covered flagellum. The presence in both Arctic samples and sea ice material previously examined from the Antarctic indicates that this genus is most likely ubiquitous in polar sea ice and may be an important component in sea ice biota microbial activities.     

加速发展我国高性能船舶和水上高速客运

为开发海洋经济，发展海上运输，加快海军现代化建设步伐，必须加速发展高性能船舶和水下高速客运。为此，本文提出了有关决策层参考的几点政策性建议。     

加装脱硫塔船舶试航活动的安全监督探讨

随着很多国际航行船舶选择加装脱硫塔来应对全球限硫令,单个设备运转试航船舶艘次大量增加。该类试航活动次数频繁、航经水域通航环境复杂、参与人员较多且未经必要的培训,存在较大的安全风险。文中归纳加装脱硫塔船舶的试航活动特征,梳理、分析存在的安全隐患和监督难点,提出相应的管理对策和建议。     

2020年世界船舶市场评述与2021年展望

回顾了2020年世界经济、航运、造船市场,并对2021年船舶市场进行展望。2020年新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球,全球经济整体呈现负增长,导致航运各细分市场情况迥异,除集运市场年底火热外,其他市场均处于低迷状态。新船交付量整体大幅回落,与去年同比减少约31%,市场出现大面积撤单现象,仅海工市场基本面向好。新船建造市场受疫情影响,与2019年同期相比下跌约11%,散货船是今年交付量中唯一呈现增长的船型。2021年预计世界经济同比大幅反弹,航运市场需求将强于供给,市场形势总体将优于2020年;同时,考虑到疫情对市场的影响效应短期持续,预计世界船舶市场将逐步趋于理性,主要船型的新船订单量将朝着长期均衡方向逐步恢复增长,并且绿色和智能依旧是未来的大方向。