Non-commuters: the people who walk to work or work at home

The paper focuses on the socioeconomic characteristics of workers at home and those who walk to work and these are compared with commuters (those who travel to work by motorized transportation). Understanding of such characteristics of these people is useful for purposes of designing policies that encourage these forms of "travel" to work, if it is believed desirable for planning or environmental purposes. For example, subsidizing public transportation may also have an impact on the proclivity to work at home or walk to work. Using a large census data set for Israel, separate subsamples are analyzed for heads of household and for their spouses. Metropolitan areas as well as peripheral urbanized areas are analyzed separately. Logit analysis is used to identify those variables that affect the likelihood of different groups of people to walk to work or to work at home.It is shown that walkers to work tend to be lower-income, less-educated people with lower asset ownership rates. Females are overrepresented amongst them, while "high-status" professionals are underrepresented. Workers at home appear to be a more complex group. They tend to have higher levels of education and wealth than commuters, but earn less on average. They include proportionately more females. The likelihood of working at home increases with home size and with ownership of some durable goods. The workers at home may in fact be comprised of two or more differing groups with contrasting characteristics, one higher-income and higher-educated, the other with lower socio-economic indicators. Because they may be a heterogeneous group, development of planning policies to encourage non-vehicle commuting may require different policy tools for the different subgroups.     

基于多项Logit模型的轨道交通站点步行接驳范围

在分析步行环境、出行时间、出行费用等出行特征影响因素的基础上,运用多项Logit模型建立了居民出行方式选择模型,根据效用相当原则确定城市轨道交通步行接驳范围。根据某城市的某个轨道交通站点的调查数据,利用本文提出的方法计算该站点的步行接驳范围,与传统的接驳范围经验取值及意向调查结果进行比较,发现计算结果与调查统计结果较为一致。计算结果表明,该计算方法是有效合理的,能够为城市轨道交通站点的规划、选址和评价提供依据。     

收折式可行走架空支承平台施工技术应用

收折式可行走架空支承平台施工技术可以降低成本,缩短施工周期,加快施工进度,并不影响被跨越的公路或铁路的正常通行。     

基于旅客步行距离的停机位均衡优化指派建模

针对机场停机位指派问题,从旅客服务质量角度出发,以缩短机场旅客步行总距离和均衡各航空公司的旅客平均步行距离为目标,建立停机位指派优化模型.采用Lingo软件对国内某大型机场的停机位指派进行仿真验证.结果表明：旅客步行总距离会影响航空公司间公平性;与随机指派相比较,该模型能同时缩短旅客步行总距离和提高航空公司公平性.     

地铁列车制动距离及制动减速度相关问题研究

为制定在特殊天气情况下（雾、雾霾）列车出库时的应急预案,以及准确掌握列车在不同初速度下的紧急制动距离,在试车线对西安地铁1、2号线车辆在不同初速度下的紧急制动距离进行测试。对测试结果进行理论分析与现场验证,得出：在制动系统相同的情况下,制动初速度越大,空走时间对制动减速度的影响就越小,平均减速度越接近瞬时减速度,在同等制动级位下,纯空气制动和电控混合制动虽然均满足减速度要求,但减速度值大小不尽相同;在制动系统不同的情况下,制动供货商设计和确定的系统减速度下限值、闸瓦材质、空走时间、所选的理论计算模型,以及外界测试工况对制动减速度和制动距离均有影响。     

ANALYZING ON THE VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF A MICRO PIEZOELECTRIC ROBOT IN PIPELINE

IntroductionIt is very important to master the locomotionprinciple of a micro piezoelectric actuator for peo-ple to design a micro piezoelectric actuator or arobot. so far,experimental method has been theonly approach available to design a micro piezoelec-tric actuator or a robot[1～ 4 ] .As a result,itis diffi-cult to make a parameterized design or an optimaldesign for a micro piezoelectric robot. Therefore,it is in dire need to constitute the locomotion equa-tion of the robot. In the paper,t…     

步行环境对轨道交通站点接驳范围的影响分析

为研究轨道交通站点对步行出行者的吸引范围,分析影响步行出行者的各种主要道路步行环境和设施,如步行服务水平、路网形式、过街设施等.将定性因素均转化为可测量的变量,并运用经济学中的Logit方法建立模型,定出模型特性变量,确定轨道交通站点的步行接驳范围.将调查结果与传统的接驳范围进行比较,发现步行环境的好坏将直接影响轨道交通站点对步行客流的吸引程度.     

步行荷载作用下楼板振动响应分析

根据步行荷载曲线,采用APDL参数化语言编程,模拟单人步行,着重数值分析步行荷载特性,比较不同傅立叶级数项对结构响应的不同贡献,讨论其合理的计算取值;并研究不同步行频率作用下,楼板振动响应的规律.结果表明：合理选取傅立叶级数项,对步行荷载作用下楼板振动响应的正确评估至关重要.楼板振动响应的大小,主要取决于步行频率与楼板基频之间的关系.