学龄儿童出行方式特征及其影响因素

小学阶段学龄儿童处于出行有人陪伴与无人陪伴的过渡期，其上下学时间与城市交通高峰时段重叠，常引发区域性的交通拥堵或其他社会问题。基于北京市西城区5所不同类型小学的学生及家庭成员早高峰出行调查数据，分析表明步行是儿童最主要的出行方式，儿童出行方式选择与小学类型存在明显相关性。重点探讨儿童及家长出行方式选择的影响因素，包括儿童自身特征、家庭及其成员特征、城市交通与环境特征。结果显示，家庭及其成员特征对儿童出行方式选择具有决定性影响；现状城市公共交通无法满足儿童上下学的出行需求；家长对学校周边的交通环境满意度较低，导致儿童上下学以个体出行方式为主。

School-age Children Travel Mode Characteristics and Affecting Factors

School-age children are in the transitional stage between traveling alone and being accompanied by adults. Due to the overlap with urban traffic peak hour, children commuting to school often cause re-gional traffic congestion or other related issues. Based on the survey on students and their family members in five different types of elementary schools of Xicheng District, Beijing during morning peak hours, this paper reveals that walking is the major travel mode for children and there exists a significant correlation be-tween children’s travel mode choice and the types of elementary school. This paper focuses on the affect-ing factors on travel mode choice of children and their parents, including the characteristics of children, family and family members, as well as urban traffic and environment. The results show that the characteris-tics of family and family members play a dominant role in children’s travel mode choice. Existing urban public transit cannot meet the demand of children commuting to school. The low satisfaction of parents on the surrounding traffic environment of school results in individual travel modes mostly used by children commuting to school.