浪况对大型船舶轴系轴承垂向偏移与负荷的影响

以某8000TEU集装箱船为研究对象，利用有限元法在ANASYS中建立船体模型。通过设计浪频、浪向、波高与相位对轴承垂向偏移影响的正交仿真计算，并利用极差分析法、层次分析法和模糊综合评判法对实验进行分析，结果表明：这4种因素对轴承垂向偏移的影响程度是浪频:浪向:波高:相位=0.303: 0.071: 0.533: 0.093；在海浪的影响下，靠近主机的两个中间轴承的相对垂向偏移最大。为了进一步分析波浪对轴承负荷的影响，利用轴系校中理论，计算得到轴承在有无海浪影响下的负荷大小并进行比较，结果表明：大型船舶在海浪中行驶时，对尾轴承负荷的影响较大，在轴系校中计算中应予以关注。

Influence of Wave Condition on Vertical Migration and Load of Large-Scale Vessel Shafting Bearing

The hull model of a 8000TEU container vessel was established with Finite Element Method (FEM) in ANASYS. An orthogonal simulation calculation in which the influence of wave frequency, wave direction, wave height and phase on the vertical migration of bearing was considered was designed and analyzed with range analysis AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, and the results show that important degree about the four factors impacting bearing vertical migration is wave frequency: wave direction: wave height: phase= 0.303: 0.071: 0.533: 0.093; Under the influence of the wave, the relative vertical migrations of the two intermediate bearings close to the main engine are larger than others. Two kinds of the bearing load under both the wave and no wave conditions were respectively calculated and compared with shafting alignment theory in order to analyze the wave influence on the bearing load further. The results indicate that when large-scale vessels voyage in wave, the wave influence on the tail bearing is bigger and should be noted in shafting alignment calculation.