新型冷却结构在电池热管理中的分析与优化

针对传统液冷电池包内电池组散热不充分及表面温度一致性较差的问题，本文设计了一种基于风冷和液冷耦合冷却策略的新型电池包结构，利用Catia软件建立三维模型并运用Fluent软件进行仿真，研究结果表明，相较于单一液冷结构在2 C和2.5 C放电倍率下存在电池组过热问题，风冷液冷耦合的冷却结构在不同放电倍率下将最高温度和最大温差分别控制在45 ℃和5 ℃以内。探究了不同流体进口速度对电池组散热的影响，并选取风速5 m/s，冷却液流速0.5 m/s的最佳配合，在此基础上对流道进行针对性的优化，优化后电池组在同一工况下最高温度从27.95 ℃下降至26.82 ℃。这种新型结构将为后续的电池的热管理设计提供新思路。

Analysis and Optimization of a Novel Cooling Structure for Battery Thermal Management

In response to the insufficient heat dissipation and poor surface temperature uniformity of the battery pack in traditional liquid cooling systems, this study proposes a novel battery pack structure based on a hybrid cooling strategy combining air cooling and liquid cooling. A three-dimensional model of the designed structure is established using Catia software, and its cooling simulation performance is analyzed using Fluent software. The research results indicate that compared to a single liquid cooling structure which exhibits overheating issues at 2 C and 2.5 C, the hybrid air and liquid cooling structure can effectively control the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature difference within 45 ℃ and 5 ℃ , respectively,across different discharge rates. Furthermore, the influence of different fluid inlet velocities on the battery pack cooling performance is investigated. By selecting the optimal combination of wind speed at 5 m/s and coolant flow rate at 0.5 m/s, and then implementing targeted optimization of the flow channel, the maximum temperature of the battery pack is further reduced from 28.12 ℃ to 27.45 ℃ under the same operating conditions. This novel structure provides an innovative direction for subsequent approaches in battery thermal management design.