船舶艉轴承的工作特性分析

  目的  在低速重载、启停等工况下，由于润滑不良，水润滑橡胶轴承出现摩擦振动，通过激励船体结构会引起水下异常噪声。为了掌握艉轴承的摩擦振动特征，  方法  以水润滑艉轴承实验台架为试验对象，通过调整艉轴承比压、温度、转速等工况条件，使艉轴承出现摩擦振动，通过测试分析时域谱、频域谱、轴心轨迹等，获得轴和轴承座的摩擦振动特征。  结果  研究表明，轴承座的时域信号呈现明显的脉冲现象，摩擦激励轴与艉轴承关联的结构或系统，频域信号中出现典型的峰值频率及其倍频；轴心轨迹变形严重、尖角突出，且有多个局部碰撞折返点。  结论  上述振动特征可为艉轴承异常摩擦识别、艉轴承低噪声设计与实验提供技术支持。

Performance characteristics analysis on the shaft bearing of propeller

  Objectives  The stern tube rubber bearing is an important part of marine propulsion systems. However, under unfavorable low-speed, heavy duty and partial high-temperature working conditions, bad lubrication can occur and cause friction-induced vibration.  Methods  Laboratory tests are carried out to ascertain the friction-induced vibration characteristics of a stern tube rubber bearing. The pressure, temperature and speed of the rubber bearing are adjusted until friction phenomena occurs, and the time domain spectrum, frequency domain spectrum and shaft orbit test technology are then utilized to obtaining the vibration characteristics of the stern tube rubber bearing and shaft.  Results  The time domain spectrum presents the pulse shape of the base. In the friction-induced vibration of the rubber bearing and shaft, the frequency domain spectrum presents peak frequency and double frequency, while the shaft orbit presents distortion and a sharp-angled shape.  Conclusions  This paper can provide an analysis tool for ascertaining friction in testing stern tube rubber bearings for test-beds and ships.