潜艇舱室大气环境技术发展研究

  目的  潜艇舱室环境普遍较恶劣，需提高居住性，基于此，对采用球形布风器的潜艇舱室空调送风气流组织进行研究，评估舱室热舒适度。  方法  使用CATIA构建高精确度的舱室三维模型，采用计算流体力学（CFD）技术，根据实际边界条件，对舱室夏冬两季在水面和水下工况下的送风气流组织进行数值模拟，对使用球形布风器改变送风方向的夏季水面工况送风气流组织进行数值模拟，对各工况下舱室温度及速度分布进行分析对比，对舱室的舒适性评价指标（PMV）值进行计算分析。  结果  结果表明，在各工况下，舱室PMV值在-1~1之间；舱室内大部分区域气流速度分布较为均匀，速度适宜，小于0.3 m/s；舱室大部分区域温度较为均匀，夏季约为24.5~26℃，冬季约为22~23.5℃。  结论  采用球形布风器的潜艇典型住舱空调送风满足舒适性标准要求。

Development of atmosphere technologies for submarine compartment environment

  Objectives  In response to the need for improved habitability arising from the harsh environment of submarine accommodation, this paper studies the conditioned air distribution for submarine accommodation equipped with spherical air distributors, and evaluate the thermal comfort of the accommodation.  Methods  A high-precision three-dimensional model of accommodation is constructed with CATIA, and according to the actual boundary conditions, the numerical simulation of air distribution in the accommodation under surface and underwater conditions in summer and winter, and the numerical simulation of the conditioned air distribution in the accommodation with spherical air distributors under summer surface condition are carried out by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)technology. Besides, the distribution of the air temperature and velocity in the accommodation under each working condition is analyzed and compared, and the PMV value of the accommodation is calculated and analyzed.  Results  It is shown that the PMV values of the accommodation are -1-1 under each working condition, the air velocity distribution in most areas of the accommodation is uniform, with the average air velocity of less than 0.3 m/s, and the temperature distribution in most areas of the accommodation is uniform, with average air temperature of about 24.5-26℃ in summer, and about 22-23.5℃ in winter.  Conclusions  The typical air conditioning comfort of the submarine accommodation equipped with spherical air distributors is up to the standard.