肯尼亚东非大裂谷地裂缝特征及铁路工程对策

为了评估肯尼亚东非大裂谷地裂缝对内马铁路工程建设和运营的影响，通过地质调绘、综合物探等勘察手段，研究地裂缝形成的地质条件，总结裂谷区地裂缝发育特性，将裂谷区地裂缝细分为正断层乳化地裂缝和土层陷落地裂缝两大类，并分别论述了其形成机理。在此基础上，进行地裂缝危险性评估，并提出了地裂缝工程治理措施和监测预警预报建议，为系统解决地裂缝问题提供依据。

Ground Fissure Characteristics of Great Rift Valley in Kenya and Railway Construction Countermeasure

To assess the impact of ground fissures on the construction and operation of the Nairobi-Malaba railway project in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya, by means of geological survey and comprehensive geophysical prospecting, the paper studies the geological conditions for the formation of ground fissures and summarizes the development characteristics of ground fissures in rift zone. The ground fissures in the rift zone are subdivided into normal fault emulsified and soil collapse type and their formation mechanisms are discussed respectively. On this basis, the risk assessment of ground fissures is carried out and the prevention measures, monitoring, prediction and early warning of ground fissures are put forward to provide a basis for solving the problem of ground fissures systematically.