考虑多类型通勤者的高占有率车道均衡分析

高占有率车道是鼓励拼车出行，达到缓解交通拥堵，提高交通效率的重要交通管理方案. 本文建立一个基于高占有率车道的交通系统，加入多类型拼车组织时间通勤者和轨道交通通勤方式的影响. 给出系统用户均衡和系统最优对应的数学规划模型，并证明两种状态的存在性. 设计数值算例，进行用户均衡与系统最优比较. 结果显示，交通管理部门可以通过制定管理方案，显著降低低拼车组织时间通勤者的通勤成本. 此外，对高占有率车道长度的分析发现，高占有率车道长度越长，管理方案的效果越明显.

Equilibrium Analysis of High-occupancy Vehicle Lanes with Multi-class Commuters

The high-occupancy lane is an important traffic management plan that encourages carpooling, and thus achieves the ultimate goal of alleviating traffic congestion and improving traffic efficiency. This paper establishes a traffic system based on high-occupancy lanes, adding the impact of multi-class commuters with respect to additional carpooling cost and the urban rail transit mode. The mathematical programming model corresponding to the user equilibrium state and the system optimum state of the system is given, and the existence of the two states is proved. A numerical example is designed, and a comparison of user equilibrium state and system optimal state is carried out in the example. The results show that the traffic management department can significantly reduce the commute cost of commuters with low additional carpooling costs by developing a reasonable management plan. In other words, the management plan can improve traffic efficiency in the short term, while encouraging commuters to choose a lifestyle that is easy to carpool in the medium and long term to reduce the additional carpooling cost. In addition, by analyzing the length of the high- occupancy lane, it is found that the longer the length of the highoccupancy lane, the more significant the effect of the management scheme.