The effects of physical activity on greenhouse gas emissions for common transport modes in European countries |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering and Dublin Energy Lab, Dublin Institute of Technology, Bolton Street, Dublin, Ireland;2. Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia;1. Bedre Psykiatri, Videnscenter, Research Unit, Copenhagen 1201, Denmark;1. Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS, Lavrentjeva Ave. 6, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;2. Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;3. Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 48 Pyatnitskaya St. 48, Moscow, 119017, Russia;1. Mechanical Engineering Department, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran;2. Mechanical Engineering Department, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran;3. Mechanical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;1. School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China;2. Jiangsu Energy Economy and Management Research Base, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper applies a life cycle methodology to estimate activity-related contributions of transport modes to GHG emissions. The methodology uses national input–output tables, environmental accounts, household budget data and nutritional data to derive food-sector GHG coefficients of consumption for ten European countries. The food energy requirements for each mode of transport are estimated taking account of the modal activity level and energy requirements. Typical national food energy-related emissions for walking, cycling, and driving ranged from 25.6 to 77.3 gCO2-eq/pass.km, 10.4–31.4 gCO2-eq/pass.km and 1.7–5.2 gCO2-eq/pass.km; passenger transport was found to result in no food-related emissions above those for a resting individual. Emissions vary between countries depending on the emissions intensities of their energy sectors as well as food prices and average body weights. A life cycle assessment of modal emissions in the UK is undertaken using the food-energy emissions intensities estimated and car travel was found to have the highest emissions intensity, followed by bus, cycling and walking. |
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