Is road pricing effective in abating pollution? Evidence from Milan |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Institutional Analysis and Public Management, via Rontgen 1, 20136 Milan, Italy;1. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden;2. WSP Analysis & Strategy, Sweden;1. Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 640, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Department of Economics, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia;3. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;1. Centre for Research Excellence in Obesity Policy and Food Systems, c/-School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;2. Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;1. Departament of Business Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid City, Spain;2. Departament of Computer’s Sciences, Technical School of Computer Engineering, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid City, Spain;3. Departament of Finance & Accounting II, Faculty of Social Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid City, Spain |
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| Abstract: | We estimate the effect of a road pricing policy introduced in Milan in 2008 on concentrations of benzene, carbon monoxide, particulates, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide. We found a sizeable effect of the Ecopass on air quality in terms of reduction in the concentration of carbon monoxide and particulates a few days after its introduction, although this effect disappeared after only one week. We interpret these results as indicative of an inefficient policy design: motorbikes were not charged and the treated area is too limited to generate positive outcomes for the whole city. Further evidence from a natural experiment given by a temporary suspension of the charge in 2012 confirms our hypothesis on the incentives for motorbike usage. |
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| Keywords: | Road pricing Urban pollution Traffic congestion Air quality |
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