Assessing the environmental impact associated with different trip purposes |
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| Institution: | 1. Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium;2. Transportation Research Institute, Faculty of Applied Economics, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 Box 6, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;3. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium;1. Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Aristides Novis, 02, Federação, Salvador, BA, 40210-630, Brazil;2. Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, Cruz das Almas, BA, 44380-000, Brazil;1. The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Industrial Management/Traffic and Infrastructure, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;1. School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, PA 19104, USA;3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA;4. Department of Pathology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA;5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA;6. Microbiology & SIVM Laboratories, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 10102, USA;1. CITEPA, 42 rue de Paradis, 75010 Paris, France;2. Univ. Gustave Eiffel, Univ. Lyon, ENTPE, LICIT, F-69518 Lyon, France;1. Department of Management, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;2. Research Organization for Regional Alliance, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;3. Kochi Kenshin Clinic 2-4-36, Chiyoricho, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan |
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| Abstract: | We examine how trips with diverse motivations vary in their spatio-temporal characteristics and result in different impacts on the environment. An integrated model chain is used includes an activity-based traffic demand model, an emission model and a pollutant concentration module. The model setup is applied to the northern region of Belgium and analysed for NO2, an important transport-related air pollutant. The results demonstrate that not every vehicle kilometer has the same impact on the environment in terms of emissions and concentration increases. We find that the highest concentration increase per kilometer is produced by work-related trips. Trips for shopping purposes and services produced the lowest marginal concentration increase. The difference between the highest and lowest marginal concentration increases is about 40%. Important explanatory factors include the time of day when a trip is made as well as vehicle type and speed. |
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