长大公路隧道火灾安全疏散研究

为研究长大公路隧道运营期火灾发生时人员的安全疏散,首先对隧道火灾发生的原因、特点以及影响安全疏散的主要因素进行分析探讨,其次以某特长公路隧道为例,基于计算流体动力学模型,利用CFD软件对隧道进行火灾的数值模拟,研究了火灾时隧道内的烟雾、温度场的纵向分布扩散规律。并根据计算结果对隧道结构的通风防灾系统进行人员的安全疏散模拟。结果表明,在3 m/s的纵向通风条件下,当出现最不利火灾工况时,原有的通风防灾系统满足人员疏散的要求。

Research on Safe Evacuation in Long Road Tunnel during Fire

The problem of personal safe evacuation from long road tunnel  during fire in operation period was studied. First, the causes, characteristics of the fire as well as the main influencing factors of safe evacuation were analyzed. Second, based on one long road tunnel, the tunnel fire was numerical simulated  by CFD software and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation model to find out the distribution and spread pattern of smoke and temperature field during tunnel fire, and the simulation of safe evacuation was performed. According to the calculation results, the simulation of personal safe evacuation was carried out to test the tunnel ventilation and fire prevention system. The simulation results show that (1) under the 3 m/s longitudinal ventilation condition,  the designed fire prevention system could satisfy the requirements for evacuation when the worst fire case breaks out.