高水压富水隧道地下水控制技术探讨

高水压富水隧道施工中地下水的作用容易引发涌水突泥和坍塌,造成施工安全事故和破坏周围环境,甚至给运营带来安全隐患。文章通过理论公式、工程案例及规范规定等方面的分析,主要探讨了2方面的内容:1)通过分析地下水的渗流规律,从地层加固和止水、限排降压、抗水压衬砌等方面介绍了隧道涌水量和水压力;2)隧道排水量分级、水中泥砂含量及粒径控制问题,提出了一些控制参数和标准。并以中天山隧道为例,介绍了高水压富水区的地下水控制,促进高水压富水隧道的设计和施工水平的进一步提高,并供类似工程参考。

Discussions on Ground Water Control Technologies for Tunneling in Ground Containing Rich High-pressure Water

During tunneling in ground containing rich high pressure water, water inflow, mud bursting and collapse may occur due to the action the ground water, which may jeopardize the tunneling safety, the surrounding environment and even the tunnel operation. In the paper, the following two aspects are discussed on the basis of theoretical formulas, engineering cases and standards and specifications: 1) The water inflow rate and water pressure during tunneling are discussed on the basis of analysis on the ground water seepage flow rules and in the aspects of ground reinforcement and water stopping, pressure reducing under limited drainage and water pressure resistant lining; 2) The classification of the drainage rate in tunneling and the control of the content of mud and sand in water and particle size are discussed and some control parameters and standards are proposed. Finally, the control of the rich high pressure water in the construction of Zhongtianshan tunnel is presented. The paper can provide reference for similar works in the future.