The heterogeneous effects of guardian supervision on adolescent driver-injury severities: A finite-mixture random-parameters approach |
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| Institution: | 1. Purdue University, School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051, United States;2. Purdue University, School of Civil Engineering and the Center for Road Safety, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051, United States;1. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Transportation and Logistics, Engineering Statistics and Econometrics Application Research Laboratory, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 241 Ketter Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Avenue, ENC 3300, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, EDC 0504.01, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;2. Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Auburn Science and Engineering Center, Room 210, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA;3. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Transportation and Logistics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 241 Ketter Hall, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA;1. Highway Department, Burns and McDonnell, 9400 Ward Parkway, Kansas City, MO 64114, USA;2. Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, G167B, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;3. Arizona Department of Transportation, 1615 West Jackson Street, Phoenix, AZ 85002, USA;4. Center for Transportation Research and Education, Institute for Transportation, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2500 Campus Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States;2. Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CUT100, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, 110 Central Campus Drive, 2137 MCE, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States;1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1070, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States;2. Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, 110 Central Campus Drive, 2137 MCE, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States;4. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Rd., NanGang Dist., Harbin 150090, China;1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of South Alabama, 150 Jaguar Drive, Shelby Hall, Suite 3142, Mobile, AL 36688, United States;2. Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Box 870205, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States |
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| Abstract: | One of the key aspects of graduated driver licensing programs is the new-driver experience gained in the presence of a guardian (a person providing mandatory supervision from the passenger seat). However, the effect that this guardian-supervising practice has on adolescent drivers’ crash-injury severity (should a crash occur) is not well understood. This paper seeks to provide insights into the injury-prevention effectiveness of guardian supervision by developing an appropriate econometric structure to account for the complex interactions that are likely to occur in the study of the heterogeneous effects of guardian supervision on crash-injury severities. As opposed to conventional heterogeneity models with standard distributional assumptions, this paper deals with the heterogeneous effects by accounting for the possible multivariate characteristics of parameter distributions in addition to allowing for multimodality, skewness and kurtosis. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is developed for estimation and the permutation sampler proposed by Frühwirth-Schnatter (2001) is extended for model identification. The econometric analysis shows the presence of two distinct driving environments (defined by roadway geometric and traffic conditions). Model estimation results show that, in both of these driving environments, the presence of guardian supervision reduces the crash-injury severity, but in interestingly different ways. Based on the findings of this research, a case could easily be made for extending the time-requirement for guardian supervision in current graduated driver license programs. |
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