The joint analysis of injury severity of drivers in two-vehicle crashes accommodating seat belt use endogeneity |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Copenhagen, Department of Economics, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Building 26, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark;2. Parsons Brinckerhoff, One Penn Plaza, Suite 200, New York, NY 10119, United States;3. The University of Texas at Austin, Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 301 E. Dean Keeton St., Stop C1761, Austin, TX 78712-1172, United States;1. Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Suite 483, 817 Sherbrooke St. W., Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6;2. Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Suite 301D, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816, USA;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, USA;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, EDC 0504.01, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;2. Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Auburn Science and Engineering Center, Room 210, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA;3. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Transportation and Logistics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 241 Ketter Hall, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA;1. Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Courtesy Department of Economics, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, ENC 3506, Tampa, FL 33620, United States;2. Professor of Civil Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 226C Sackett Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States;3. Adnan Abou-Ayyash Centennial Professor in Transportation Engineering, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 301 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C1761, Austin, TX 78712, United States;1. Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Suite 483, 817 Sherbrooke St. W., Montréal, Canada;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, United States;3. Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia;1. Department of Civil, Environmental & Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, United States;2. Road Safety Engineering, Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety – Queensland (CARRS-Q), Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The current study contributes to the existing injury severity modeling literature by developing a multivariate probit model of injury severity and seat belt use decisions of both drivers involved in two-vehicle crashes. The modeling approach enables the joint modeling of the injury severity of multiple individuals involved in a crash, while also recognizing the endogeneity of seat belt use in predicting injury severity levels as well as accommodating unobserved heterogeneity in the effects of variables. The proposed model is applied to analyze the injury severity of drivers involved in two-vehicle road crashes in Denmark.The empirical analysis provides strong support for the notion that people offset the restraint benefits of seat belt use by driving more aggressively. Also, men and those individuals driving heavy vehicles have a lower injury risk than women and those driving lighter vehicles, respectively. At the same time, men and individuals driving heavy vehicles pose more of a danger to other drivers on the roadway when involved in a crash. Other important determinants of injury severity include speed limit on roadways where crash occurs, the presence (or absence) of center dividers (median barriers), and whether the crash involves a head-on collision. These and other results are discussed, along with implications for countermeasures to reduce injury severities in crashes. The analysis also underscores the importance of considering injury severity at a crash level, while accommodating seat belt endogeneity effects and unobserved heterogeneity effects. |
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