Adapting the light · biomass (BZI) models of phytoplankton primary production to shallow marine ecosystems |
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| Authors: | Mark J Brush John W Brawley |
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| Institution: | 1. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA;2. Saquish Scientific, Duxbury, MA 02332, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;3. South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China;1. Coastal Ocean Observation Lab, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environment and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;2. Marine Sciences Department, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USA;3. University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7922 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA;4. Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Environment and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0231, USA;1. Research Center for Marine Drugs and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China;2. The Environment and Plant Protection College of Hainan University, 58 Ren-Min Road, Haikou 570228, PR China;1. Alfred Wegener Institute, Bussestrasse 24, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany;2. University of Bremen, Germany;1. German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg Research Institute, c/o Biocentrum Grindel, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;2. University of Hamburg, Biocentrum Grindel Zoological Museum, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;3. A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology FEB RAS, Palchevsky Street, 17, 690059 Vladivostok, Russia;4. University of Iceland, Institute of Biology, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China |
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| Abstract: | Several authors have reported a strong linear relationship between daily phytoplankton production and the product of chlorophyll biomass, photic depth, and incident irradiance for a variety of estuaries. This “light · biomass” (BZpIo) formulation has been proposed as an alternative to traditional mechanistic approaches for computing phytoplankton production in numerical estuarine models. One limitation to their application in shallow systems is that the BZpIo models have been developed in relatively deep estuaries where light does not reach the bottom. We propose a nonlinear correction factor to adapt the BZpIo relationship to shallow systems where light does reach the bottom. Our function takes into account variations in incident irradiance, attenuation coefficient for light, photosynthetic efficiency, and maximum rate of photosynthesis. A series of correction polynomials are proposed for various ranges of incident irradiance, and are integrated into a single multiple polynomial which applies across all irradiance levels. Our new correction factor was tested against a 14C-based productivity dataset from shallow stations in Narragansett Bay, RI and an O2-based dataset from shallow (1.1 m) lagoon mesocosms at the University of Rhode Island. Results showed that our polynomials accurately correct BZpIo-predicted rates of production in shallow water columns. Application of our correction factor to a series of shallow water productivity datasets from the literature together with theoretical calculations show how significant the shallow water correction can be, especially in very shallow water columns with low turbidity. |
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