中国19个不同地区汉族亚群的分子遗传学关系

目的　研究中国不同地区汉族亚群之间的分子遗传学关系。方法　收集我国19 个地区汉族9 个STR基因座的等位基因频率,进行Hardy Weinberg平衡检验,采用Nei s法计算各亚群间的遗传距离,采用组间平均连锁法进行聚类分析,采用UPGMA的算法绘制系统发生树。结果　不同汉族亚群特定STR的等位基因频率和遗传距离存在差异;聚类分析结果表明广东汉族与广西汉族首先聚类,福建汉族与青岛汉族与我国其他地区汉族差异较大而最后聚类;分子进化树绘制与聚类分析结果相似。结论　9 个STR位点在中国不同地区汉族亚群之间存在多样性;应用该遗传标记进行疾病相关分析、法医学个体识别等研究时应选择不同地区亚群的基础数据进行对比才能够获得科学的结果。

Research on the molecular genetic relationships of Chinese Han subpopulations

Objective To study the molecular genetic relationships of Chinese Han subpopulations. Methods Alleles frequencies of 9 STR loci's from 19 different Chinese Han groups were collected and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated by the exact test. The genetic distances between the different subpopulations were calculated by Nei's method and clustering analysis was done by average linkage between groups, and their phylogenetic tree was drawn by UPGMA. Results Analysis of the allele frequencies and studies of genetic distance indicated that 9 STR locus polymorphisms varied notably among some Han subpopulations. The clustering analysis indicated that Han people in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces were first conglomerated together, while Han people of Fujian and Qingdao were dramatically differentiated from other subpopulations. The phylogenetic tree was similar to the results of clustering analysis. Conclusion There is distinctively genetic diversity in Han subpopulations of different geographic areas; and different genetic data should be selected according to population groups when STR markers are applied in disease association analysis, forensic identification and other fields.