城市出租车系统运营效率评价研究

在出租车系统中，运营效率对系统投入产出平衡和系统的经济效益等影响很 大. 本文对出租车系统的运营特征做了统计分析并评价了系统的运营效率.根据运营特 征，采用了数据包络分析方法（DEA）评价运营效率.首先，讨论了变量的选择原则，并确定 了某市出租车系统的模型变量.运用基于 GPS 数据的出租车统计信息构建了 CCR-DEA 模型.应用该模型不仅得到了运营效率，而且给出了非 DEA 有效单元的调整规模.引入了 交叉效率模型，给出了决策单元之间相对效率的准确排序结果，最后给出了相应的改善 措施.研究结果表明，数据包络分析是一种有效的效率评价方法，可以很好地应用在出租 车系统中.

Operational Efficiency Evaluation of Urban Taxi System

The operational efficiency of taxi system has a significant impact on its input- output balance and economic benefits. This paper analyzes the operational characteristic of taxi system and evaluates its op- erational efficiency from the economic prospective. A data envelopment analysis method（DEA）that deals with the multiple input- output problems is proposed to achieve the efficiency measurement of taxi system. This paper first discusses selecting variables of models. The CCR-DEA model using the statistical informa- tion of urban taxi system based on GPS data is then applied to obtain not only the efficiency score but also the extent to which those underperforming units should improve. Moreover, a cross-efficiency model is intro- duced to implement an accurate ranking among decision making units. The corresponding improvement is al- so presented. The results show that the data envelopment analysis is an effective method that can be applied into the efficiency evaluation of taxi system.