列车高速通过站台时的流固耦合振动研究

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)和多体动力学相结合的方法研究列车高速通过站台时的风致振动及安全问题。应用有限体积法和滑移网格模拟计算方法,通过求解三维瞬态可压缩N—S方程获取列车通过站台的气动力。运用Simpack软件建立3辆编组的动车组动力学模型,轨道不平顺条件选用美国六级谱,并将用CFD得到的气动力作为激励输入动车组动力学模型,对列车高速通过站台时的气动行为进行仿真计算,得到列车高速通过站台时的振动时程曲线。计算结果表明,列车高速通过站台时,在气动力作用下3辆车均不同程度向站台靠近,且尾车的尾部向站台靠近的距离最大,达到19mm;头车向站台靠近主要是由车体的摇头运动所致,中间车向站台靠近是由车体的横向摆动所致,而尾车向站台靠拢则是由车体的横摆运动和摇头运动共同作用所致。

Study on the Fluid-Solid Coupling Vibration of Train Passing through Platform at High Speed

The wind-induced vibration and safety problem of train passing through platform at high speed were studied by both the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and multi-body dynamics. The aerodynamic forces of the train passing through the platform were acquired by solving the 3D transient compressible N-S equations with finite volume method and sliding mesh calculation method. The dynamical model of the multiple units including 3 vehicles was built by the multi-body dynamic software SIMPACK. Then the aerodynamic dynamics behavior simulation for the train passing through platform was performed with the aerodynamic force gotten from CFD as the external excitation and the American track spectra of class 6 as the track irregularity excitation, and the time history vibration curves of the train were gotten. The results show that, 3 vehicles move closer to the platform with different displacement, and the displacement close to the platform of the end of the tail vehicle is the maximum, which reaches 19 mm. The leading vehicle moved closer to the platform is mainly caused by the yaw motion of the carbody, the middle vehicle moved closer to the platform is caused mainly by the lateral motion of the carbody, and the tail vehicle moved closer to platform is caused by the yaw and the lateral motion together.