Distribution and diet of larval and juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in the shallow Canadian Beaufort Sea |
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| Authors: | Wojciech Walkusz Joclyn E. Paulic William J. Williams Slawomir Kwasniewski Michael H. Papst |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Powstancow Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland;2. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N6, Canada;3. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Road, Sidney, BC, V8L 4B2, Canada;1. Institute of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economy, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;2. P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskii prospekt 36, Moscow 117 851, Russia;3. SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, 7465 Trondheim, Norway;4. Institute of Marine Research, Nordnesgate 50, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway;5. Institute of Marine Science, 120 O’Neill, P.O. Box 757220, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7220, USA;6. NOAA/Fisheries Office of Science & Technology, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA;7. Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Road, Sidney, B.C. V8L 4B2, Canada;8. National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Empress Dock, Southampton, Hampshire SO14 3ZH, UK;1. Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway;2. Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO), 6 Knipovich Street, Murmansk, 183038, Russia;1. Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 6404, NO-9294 Tromsø, Norway;2. Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870 Nordnes, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway;1. Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;2. Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada;3. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Central and Arctic Region, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada;4. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada;5. Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL 60605, USA;6. Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The distribution and diet of larval and juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) were studied during summer 2005 in the coastal Canadian Beaufort Sea. A total of 275 individuals were captured and the highest abundance was observed at station depths of 20–30 m. This corresponds well with the location of the frontal zone where the Mackenzie River plume water and open sea water meet. Diet examinations were performed on 220 Arctic cod, which were found undamaged from sampling. We observed a gradual decrease in prey number per fish and increase in prey size as larvae grew which corresponded to a shift from Rotifera and nauplii towards larger copepodid stages. However, at all sizes, the larvae remain generalists and feed on a broad range of organisms. Environmental changes due to climate warming could have a two-fold impact on fish larvae feeding in the studied region. First, the potential for increased primary production may lead to increased zooplankton production that may impact the feeding and nutrition positively. On the other hand, greater discharge of turbid water from the Mackenzie River may reduce light penetration in the water column that may negatively influence the ability of visual predators to successively forage. |
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