顶部堆载作用下边坡变形破坏机理的有限元分析

顶部堆载作用下坡体的应力应变场与天然状态有很大不同。通过建立顶部堆载环境下边坡的有限元模型，运用有限元计算程序对坡角为45°的均质土坡进行了变荷载作用下的变形破坏机理分析。结果表明:以计算不收敛为判据的有限元法计算顶部堆载环境下的边坡稳定性是可行的，安全系数与荷载作用的大小关系具有一定的规律；当堆载作用力超过其极限承载力时，边坡的潜在滑面会向临空面移动，后壁变陡；在堆载作用力下，边坡坡面位移在中部最大，且位移会在破坏时迅速增大，堆载诱发滑坡属于推移式滑坡。

Finite Element Analysis of Slope Deformation Failure Mechanism under the Action of Heap Loading

The stress-strain field of slope under the action of heap loading on the top is quite different from the natural state. Herein the finite element model of slope under heap loading was established and, for the homogeneous soil slope in the grading angle of 45°, the deformation failure mechanism under the action of variable loading was analyzed by finite element calculation procedure. The result shows that the finite element method taking non-convergence of calculation as the criterion is feasible to calculate the stability of slope under heap loading on the top, and there exits certain regularity between the safety factor and the load effect; when the applied load exceeds the ultimate bearing capacity, the potential slide face will move towards the free face so that the back slope becomes scarping; under the action of heap loading, the maximum displacement of slope surface arises in the middle, and the displacement will increase rapidly when failure occurs; the landslide induced by heap loading is of thrust load caused landslide.