需求弹性理论在铁路运价调整中的应用

在市场经济条件下,合理调节和运用价格因素,是运输企业提升竞争优势,把握市场竞争力的关键,常用的定价方法主要以运输价值为理论依据,该理论较少考虑市场机制作用下运输需求变动对运价的影响,难以适应短期价格决策.根据经济学弹性理论,提出了运输价格调整过程中的调价方向、调价幅度的确定方法,并给出了具体算例.

Application of Demand Elasticity to Making of Railway Transport Price

In market economy system,the mutual adjustment and application of price are the key to all of transportation enterprises to improve its competitive advantages and to hold ability of market competition.At present,the methods typically used for research on level of transport price in reason are mainly based on determinism of transport value.The theory reckoned without that the price was impacted by change of transport demand in market mechanism.So,it did not apply to price decision in short-term.In this paper,based on the theory of price elaslic,the method is presented to decide the direction extent and best extant of price adjustment during price adjustment of transport enterprise.In the end,practical examples are taken for the calculation of price.