某车型车轮定位参数异常问题的分析和解决

车轮定位参数直接影响汽车操稳性和轮胎磨损情况。设计正确的定位参数,生产上更好地控制各个参数,对提高汽车行驶的安全性,获得良好的操控型和乘坐的舒适性有着极为重要的意义。文章从力学角度阐述了车轮定位的基本理论,深入分析了悬架高度,前束,外倾,主销后倾等之间的关系,强调了良好的定位参数设计和生产上精确地控制对于悬架以及整车的重要性。以某车型悬架高度测量值超差为实例,通过对悬架高度定义,悬架高度对四轮定位参数判定的影响,分析了定位参数对整车判定的影响。从测量,装配,零件质量三个大方面分别对影响悬架高度的的因素进行了逐一分析和排查,找到引起车高测量超差的原因。理论计算出了补偿值作为短期措施;在图纸无要求的情况下,通过反向测量进口零件的方法分析对修改零件做出了正确的推断,并通过试验验证了推断的正确性,通过修改弹簧连杆使得车高测量值超差问题最终得到了解决。此外,通过对潜在因素进行了逐一分析,从整车角度比较全面地分析了车高超差的原因,对于今后此类问题的解决提供了一个系统的参考方案。

Analysis and Solution of Abnormal Problems in Wheel Alignment Parameters of a Model

Wheel alignment parameters have a direct impact on vehicle handling stability and tire wear.It is of great significance to design correct positioning parameters and control each parameter in production,so as to improve the safety of vehicle driving and obtain good handling stability and ride comfort.This paper expounds the basic theory of wheel alignment from the mechanical point of view,deeply analyzes the relationship among suspension height,toe in,camber,caster,etc.,and emphasizes the importance of good alignment parameter design and precise production control for suspension and the whole vehicle.Taking Mercedes Benz suspension height measurement value out of tolerance as an example,through the definition of suspension height,the influence of suspension height on the determination of four-wheel positioning parameters,the influence of positioning parameters on the determination of the whole vehicle is analyzed.From the three aspects of measurement,assembly and part quality,the factors that affect the suspension height are analyzed and checked one by one,and the causes of vehicle height measurement out of tolerance are found.The compensation value is calculated theoretically as a short-term measure;when there is no requirement in the drawing,the correct inference is made for the modified parts through the analysis of the method of back measuring the imported parts,and the correctness of the inference is verified through the test.The problem of the over tolerance of the measured value of the vehicle height is finally solved by modifying the spring link.In addition,through the analysis of the potential factors one by one,this paper analyzes the causes of the vehicle’s high-altitude difference from the perspective of the whole vehicle,and provides a systematic reference scheme for the solution of such problems in the future.