基于时间价值的道路收费标准模型建立与仿真分析

中国高速公路建设始于20世纪80年代束，到目前为止，高速公路收费标准的确定主要来自于经验，为一种政府行为。针对当前收费标准制定中存在的不足，从公路使用者角度出发，建立了基于时间价值的公路网络双层规划模型；结合一个实际案例，通过基于步长加速法和惩罚函数法的启发式算法对模型求解，利用实际数据进行仿真，从而确定最优收费方案；最后对仿真结果进行讨论比较，并分析了模型的可行性。

Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Freeway Toll Standard Based on Value of Time

Freeway construction in China was initiated in the late 1980s. But up to now freeway toll standard is mainly decided by subjective experience and by government. This paper studies the defects in making toll standards of the freeway, and from the point of the road users, sets up bi-level programming model based on value of time. A practical example is presented, which simulates with real data and decides the optimal freeway toll standard, by using a heuristic algorithm based on step acceleration method and penalty function method. Finally, the paper discusses the results and analyzes the validity of the model.