基于复杂网络理论的城轨线网抗毁性对比分析

为分析不同规模轨道交通路网面对突发事件的抗毁性能，选取中国10个典型城市的轨道交通网络，采用复杂网络理论分析模拟攻击下网络的抗毁程度。利用Pajek软件构建Space-L拓扑空间抽象路网，设定定量化评价指标，系统分析随机攻击、累计节点蓄意攻击下网络的抗毁性；利用改进网络效率公式分析单节点蓄意攻击下单一节点的失效对网络的影响程度。研究结果表明，轨道交通网络是无标度网络。随机攻击下，2种规模网络在指标为节点度、网络效率、最大连通子图的失效站点数占比分别达到10.44%和11.09%，17.99%和18.39%，13.27%和12.92%时路网崩溃；累计节点蓄意攻击下，2种规模网络在指标为节点度、网络效率、最大连通子图的失效站点数占比分别达到5.22%和5.17%，4.3%和3.19%，4.23%和2.43%时路网崩溃。与在发散型线路交点的失效节点相比，处在三角形顶点或网状结构内的失效节点对整体网络的抗毁性更强。

A Contrastive Analysis of Survivability of Urban Rail Network Based on Complex Network Theory

The metro networks of 10 typical cities in China are selected to analyze the resilience of different metro networks to emergencies.The complex network theory is used to analyze the resilience of networks under simulated attacks.Pajek software is used to construct an abstract road network of topological space Space-L.Quantitative evaluation indicators are set to systematically analyze the survivability of the network under random attacks and deliberate attacks of accumulated nodes.The improved network efficiency formula is used to analyze the influence of each node on the network under the single-node deliberate attack.The results show that the metro network is a scale-free network.Based on node degree, network efficiency, and the maximum connection sub-grap, the proportions of failed sites in the two networks reach 10.44%and 11.09%, 17.99%and 18.39%, and 13.27%and 12.92%under random attacks, and the net crashes.Under cumulative-node deliberate attacks, the proportions of failed sites in the two networks reach 5.22%and 5.17%, 4.3%and 3.19%, and 4.23%and 2.43%, and the net crashes.Compared with the failure node at the intersection of divergent lines, the node at the apex of the triangle or the mesh structure is more invulnerable to the network.