基于实际地铁线路的全生命周期碳排放研究

在双碳战略的重大战略部署下，对轨道交通全生命周期碳排放进行研究，合理量化其碳排放水平是实现交通部门碳达峰、碳中和的重要措施。本文基于北京某新建地铁线路，对轨道交通全生命周期碳排放进行分析，建立了轨道交通全线、全生命周期的碳排放计算模型，并定量计算新建地铁线路全线、全生命周期的碳排放量。同时，对建设阶段和运营阶段的降碳措施做出分析，定量评估其降碳潜力。对全长81 km新建地铁线路进行碳排放量计算，得到建设阶段碳排放量为257万t CO₂eq，运营阶段为5.35万t CO₂eq/a,50年运营周期总计碳排放量524万t CO₂eq。建设阶段使用可再生材料及预制结构可减少碳排放量7%；运营阶段综合采用多种节能降碳措施后，可降碳27%;50年运营周期降碳潜力总计17%。该模型的建立对城轨交通全生命周期碳排放定量计算有指导意义，降碳措施的研究成果以期为城轨交通完成绿色低碳转型、实现交通部门碳达峰、碳中和提供参考。

Whole Life-cycle Carbon Emissions Based on Actual Metro Lines

Under the major strategic deployment of a dual-carbon strategy, studying the whole life-cycle carbon emissions ofrail transit and reasonably quantifying its carbon emission level is essential to achieve peak carbon and carbon neutrality in thetransportation sector. Based on a new metro line in Beijing, this study analyzes the whole life-cycle carbon emissions of railtransit, establishes a carbon emission calculation model for the whole line and the whole life-cycle of rail transit, and quantitativelycalculates the carbon emission of the whole line and the whole life-cycle of the new metro line. Carbon reduction measures inthe construction and operation phases are analyzed simultaneously, and their carbon reduction potential is quantitatively assessed.The carbon emission calculation for the 81km long new metro line yields a carbon emission of 2.57 million tons of CO2eq inthe construction phase, 54,000 tons of CO2eq per year in the operation phase, and a total carbon emission of 5.24 million tonsof CO2eq in the 50-year operation cycle. The use of renewable materials and prefabricated structures in the construction phasecan reduce carbon emissions by 7%. The use of comprehensive carbon-reducing measures in the operation phase can reducecarbon emissions by 27%, and the carbon reduction potential of the 50-year operation cycle is 17%. The establishment of the model has guiding significance for the quantitative calculation of carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of urban rail transport,and the research results of the carbon reduction measures can provide a reference for urban rail transport to achieve a greenand low-carbon transformation and carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the transport sector.