汶川地震近断层附近桥梁震害浅析

"5.12"汶川地震给交通生命线造成了严重破坏,其中处于断层附近的几座桥梁震害严重甚至垮塌,给灾后救援和重建带来巨大影响。结合近断层的场地特征,详细分析了其附近几座桥梁的震害,并为今后的桥梁设计提出以下建议:做好桥址选择工作,尽量避免发震断裂地段;选择合理抗震结构体系,减小双向地震作用;充分考虑竖向地震作用对桥梁结构影响;提高构件延性设计,防止墩柱脆性破坏;合理设计支座和加强挡块连接,以有效防止落梁震害。

Analysis on Damage of Near-Faultage Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake

Transport system has been severely damaged during the M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake;several bridges near the faultage are damaged severely and even collapsed,which lays great impact on the rescue and reconstruction after the earthquake.With the site characteristics of near-faultage,the damage of several near-faultage bridges is analyzed in detail.At the same time,some reasonable suggestions for future seismic design of bridges are presented as follow: firstly,choosing a good site far from the faultage is very important for the bridge construction;secondly,the reasonable seismic structure of bridge can reduce the bi-directional seismic action;meanwhile,the effect of vertical seismic action on bridges should be fully considered;thirdly,bridges should be designed in ductility in order to avoid the fragile destruction on piers;finally,designing piers reasonably and reinforcing the connections of bridge blocks can effectively prevent girder from falling in the earthquake.