风障对侧风作用下列车行车安全影响的数值模拟研究

侧风引起的列车安全事故偶有发生,列车的侧风安全性问题也受到越来越多的重视。风障是解决列车在侧风环境下行车安全问题的主要手段。本文基于计算流体动力学的基本理论,结合新疆列车翻车事故,利用FLUENT软件,对列车在侧风环境下的三维绕流情况进行数值模拟,分析不同开窗情况对列车运行安全的影响;并通过计算未安装风障和安装50%孔隙率风障时列车三维绕流下的压力分布、流线和气动力,分析列车在侧风作用下的稳定性,以及不同开窗情况下风障对列车行车安全的影响。计算结果表明:合理的风障设计可以明显提高列车的运行安全性。

Study on Influence of Wind Barriers on Traffic Safety of Trains under Crosswind by Numerical Simulation

It is reported that crosswind induced train accidents occur occasionally.The problems of traffic safety under crosswind are receiving increasing concerns.Installation of wind barriers is the major means to assure traffic safety under strong crosswind.In this paper,on the basis of the theories of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD),relying on the strong model-building and analysis platform of FLUENT,considering the circumstances of train overturning accidents happening in Xinjiang,3D models of trains under crosswind with and without wind barriers are built,and the aerodynamic forces and traffic safety of the trains under different window opening conditions are analyzed.From the calculation results of the pressure distribution,path lines and aerodynamic forces of model trains under 3D turbulence flows,the stability of trains under crosswind is analyzed,and the effects of the wind barriers on traffic safety of trains are discussed.The results indicate that rational design of the wind barriers is able to improve the traffic safety of trains.