关于铁路共用性财产权利组织模式的探讨

铁路是典型的网络型基础产业,它的网络性主要体现在共用性财产权利配置方面,车站枢纽以及调度指挥等都是共用性财产权利,多家铁路运输企业都不可避免地要共同使用它们。共用性财产权利由多家铁路运输企业共同使用,不仅能有效发挥大型铁路运输设备的规模经济和范围经济作用,而且还能够创造出更多的“组织租金”,即共用性财产权利不仅节约了运输设备的重复投资建设,而且还能够通过提高共用性财产权利使用的频率和强度来达到更大收益的目标。铁路共用性财产权利的有效配置,在很大程度上有赖于良好组织模式的构建。组织模式表现在组织主体、组织边界和业务组织等三个方面,良好的共用性财产权利组织模式是解决共用性问题的根本和关键。

Discussion on the Organization Mode of Railway Common Property Right

Railways are the typical industry with network characteristics,which are mainly manifested by the common property right or commonage allocation.Station and traffic control are all the typical commonages.Commonage used by multiple enterprises can not only bring into full play the economy of scale and economy of scope of the large-scale transportation equipment but also create more "Organization Rents" by the way,that is,commonage can save the duplication construction of transportation equipment and increase the revenue of the railway enterprises through the frequent and regular usage of the commonages.The efficient allocation of railway common property rights depends heavily on the establishment of sound organization modes including the organization entity,organization boundary and business organization respectively.It is the key to solve the railway commonage problem by the favorable property right organization mode.