后汽车时代城市的共享出行问题——基于循环经济视角的思考

共享单车的兴盛和分享经济理论的产生,为研究后汽车时代的城市交通问题提供了全新的启示。指出城市交通体系的转型需要从关注物即交通设施增长转移到关注人的移动。针对值得关注的四个关键问题展开详细探讨。一是在传统的发展模式中,出行需求的满足总是要求交通设施成比例增长;在分享经济的情景中,有可能实现出行需求满足与设施建设的脱钩发展。二是对交通工具进行技术改进,无法解决消费规模扩张导致的反弹效应问题,需要系统变革和社会创新,发展共享出行就是这样的案例。三是城市交通体系的转型以共享出行为导向,则有可能用较少的人均汽车保有量解决增长的城市出行需求问题。四是共享出行系统的建设需要与公共交通系统、共享空间进行整合。

Urban Sharing Travel in Post-Car Era:A Discussion Based on Circular Economy

The prosperity of bike sharing and emerging theory of sharing economy provide a new point of view for urban transportation study in the post-car era. This paper states that urban transportation system development needs to shift its focus from building infrastructure to the travel need of people. The paper dis-cusses the four key issues in detail. First, the traditional development model always requests the expansion of transportation infrastructure to meet the travel demand However, based on the sharing economy the trav-el demand may be met without additional facilities. Second, the technological improvement in vehicles fails to solve the rebound effect problem caused by increased consumption needs, which requires system re-form and social innovation, and the development of sharing travel. Third, it is possible to meet travel de-mand with fewer vehicles per capita if the urban transportation system is transformed to the sharing travel–oriented mode. Fourth, the development of sharing travel system needs to be integrated with public tran-sit system and space sharing.