城市轨道交通峰前折扣定价方案编制模型

构建面向高峰拥挤缓解的峰前折扣定价方案编制模型，为定价方案编制提供决策方法. 基于票价变动对高峰客流的影响分析，考虑运营企业可承担的收益损失，建立以运力运量匹配度最大化为目标的峰前折扣定价方案编制模型，科学确定折扣车站、折扣比例及折扣时段. 对北京地铁八通线进行实证研究，结果表明：相比实际方案，优化方案中折扣截止时间较晚，认为限制当前政策效果的关键在于折扣截止时间设置不合理；在不增加收益损失的前提下，可通过定价方案优化提高客流拥挤疏解效果.

Modelling Pre-peak Discount Price Plan for Urban Rail Transit

An optimization model for establishing a pre-peak discount price plan to relieve peak congestion in urban rail transit is proposed. The optimization objective is to maximize the balance between transport capacities and passenger flows, based on the analysis of peak demand changes due to pre-peak discount price, and acceptable capacities of the operating company for revenue loss. Then, the detailed pricing plan (discount stations, discount rates, and discount deadlines) can be determined scientifically. The model is verified on the BT line of Beijing subway, and the results show that the discount deadline of the optimization scheme is much later than the practical one. The key reason for limiting the effect of the current scheme is unreasonable discount deadlines; The effect of peak congestion relief can be improved by optimizing pricing schemes under the premise of non-increase revenue loss.