可调高度式支座的性能及应用

为克服现有工程中钢支座难以调节高度的缺陷，提出了可在一定范围内调节自身高度的可调高度式支座，以适应现场施工条件的复杂性和多变性，确保工程结构构件的精准支承并提高工作效率，该支座的调高系统分为粗调和精调. 调节高度前，在支座和支撑结构之间设置千斤顶，对千斤顶施压后顶起上部结构，然后通过增减垫板的数量进行粗调，再通过旋钮调高螺栓调整锲块的位置（精调）. 以该支座在某人行天桥项目中的应用进行分析，详细介绍了支座的布置位置、施工流程及所使用的位移、应力应变健康监测系统，以支座合力作为不同施工阶段中支座调高的依据. 研究结果表明:该支座可实时监测支座反力并调节支座高度，能够使支座间的压力数值差距显著减小，同时可以消除拉力项，如东南桥台，最大压力差由调节前的2 266.8 kN减小为调节后的39.4 kN；使各个桥台的支座合力值相近，各桥墩及基础受力趋向均匀，能够提高桥墩及基础的安全性及耐久性. 

Performance and Application of Adjustable Height Support

To overcome the defaults of difficult to adjust the height in existing steel supports, an adjustable height support was proposed, whose height could be adjusted in a range, to adapt to the complexity and variability of the site construction conditions, ensure the precision bearing, and improve the work efficiency. The bearing system could be divided into two parts: coarse and fine parts. Before adjusting the height, the jack should be set between the support and the support structure, and then adjusted the position of the cheese block by adjusting the knob. The application of the adjustable height support in a real project was proposed, the support arrangement locations, construction processes and the displacement, stress and strain health monitoring system were all discussed in detail, and the support resultant force was taken as the basis of the support elevation in different construction stages. The results show that the support can monitor the reaction force and adjust the height of the support in real time. For example, the maximum pressure difference of southeast abutment decreases from 2 266.8 kN before adjustment to 39.4 kN after adjustment. The bearing force value of abutments is similar, and the stress on piers and foundations tends to be uniform. It is beneficial to ensure the safety and durability of piers and foundations.