松花江牤牛哨滩河段航道整治方案比选*

牤牛哨滩是松花江中游主要的碍航浅滩，该滩段河道水浅槽窄、滩口流急并伴随横流等碍航水流，严重影响船舶通航以及生态旅游航道的建设。针对此问题，采用二维水流数值模拟方法对牤牛哨滩河段的碍航水流特性进行研究，对比分析3种航道整治方案的效果。结果表明，采用复式断面航槽疏浚及生态闸坝建造的方案后，该滩段通航水深大于1.78 m，枯水期平均比降仅为0.29‰，平均消滩水力指标远小于2.06，流态良好，满足航道治理要求。研究成果可为该类滩险的航道整治方案选择提供科学依据。

Comparison and selection of waterway regulation scheme for Mangniushao reach in Songhua River

Mangniushao Beach is a major obstruction to navigation in the middle reaches of Songhua River.The shallow channel，narrow channel and rapid flow at the mouth of the beach，accompanied by cross-flow and other obstruction to navigation，have seriously affected the navigation of ships and the construction of eco-tourism channel.To solve this problem，two-dimensional numerical simulation is used to study the characteristics of the obstructing current in Mangniushao reach，and the effects of three channel regulation schemes are compared and analyzed.The results show that the navigable water depth of the beach section is greater than 1.78 m，the average slope in dry season is only 0.29‰，and the average hydraulic parameter of rapids abating is far less than 2.06.The flow pattern is good and meets the requirements of channel management.The research results can provide scientific basis for the selection of channel regulation scheme of this kind of beach.