基于5G NR的智能铁路定位技术研究

为提高列车和人员的定位精度，针对智能铁路高速和低速场景下的定位需求，结合基于正交频分复用技术的全新空口设计的全球性第5代移动通信技术标准（简称：5G新空口）（5G NR）定位技术，提出基于5G NR的上行和下行定位解决方案。基于到达时间差的定位技术原理，通过选用下行到达时间差（DL-TDOA,Downlink Time Difference of Arrival）定位法和上行到达时间差（UL-TDOA,Uplink Time Difference of Arrival）定位法，设计了上下行定位参考信号、时间测量值反馈及定位流程，保证了智能铁路低速场景下满足第3代合作伙伴计划技术报告（3GPP TR）所定义的米级定位精度，并提出了高速场景及隧道场景下的潜在定位增强技术，为智能铁路多场景定位提供技术参考。

5G NR based positioning system for intelligent railway

In order to improve the positioning accuracy of railway trains and personnel, aiming at the positioning requirements of intelligent railways in high-speed and low-speed scenarios, and combining with the positioning technology of the 5G NR, this paper proposed the uplink and downlink positioning solutions based on 5G NR. Based on the positioning technology principle of time difference of arrival, the paper selected the downlink arrival time difference positioning method (DL-TDOA) and uplink arrival time difference positioning method (UL-TDOA) to design the uplink and downlink positioning reference signal, time measurement feedback and positioning process, ensured that the intelligent railway meets the meter level positioning accuracy defined in the technical report of the third generation partnership project (3GPP TR) under the low-speed scenario, and proposed the potential positioning enhancement technology under the high-speed scenario and the tunnel scenario. It can provide technical reference for the multi scene positioning of the intelligent railway.