Ni／MH电池负极材料—贮氢合金的研究概况

简述了Ni/MH电池的原理和应用，对Ni/MH电池负极材料的基本类型及开发历史和发展现状进行了综合评述，AB5型合金的开发和应用已较为成熟，但其贮氢容量不高，AB2型合金与A2B型（Mg基）合金的贮氢容量较高，但AB2型合金活化困难，高倍率放电低于AB5型合金，尚未得到广泛应用，A2B型合金虽然成本低，但循环稳定性较差，循环寿命短，尚未实现实用化，V基固溶体型合金同样也存在循环寿命短的特点，AB23型合金由于具有较高的容量并易被活化引起越来越多的研究。

Review on Hydrogen Storage Alloys as Cathode Materials of Ni/MH Battery

The theory and applications of Ni/MH battery are briefly reviewed. The researching status, advantages and disadvantages of various negative electrodes are summarizEd. AB5-type alloy has been developed and commercially used, but it had a limited capacity. AB2-type and A2B-type(Mg-based) alloys have higher electric capacities. However, the AB2-type alloy is hard to activate, so the commercial application is limited. The cycle stability of A2B-type alloy is lower, thus the commercial application is not realized in despite of its lower cost. The utilization of V-baed solid solution alloy is also limited because of the low cycle life. At present, a new alloy-AB3 has been attracting more and more attention for its higher capacity and lower price.