Transit-based smart parking: An evaluation of the San Francisco Bay area field test |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Transportation Economics and Logistics Management, College of Economics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China;2. Institute of Physical Internet, School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Jinan University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai, China;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong;4. HKU-ZIRI Lab for Physical Internet, Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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| Abstract: | This paper presents an evaluation of the first transit-based smart parking project in the US at the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District station in Oakland, California. The paper begins with a review of the smart parking literature; next the smart parking field test is described including its capital, operational, and maintenance costs; and finally the results of the participant survey analysis are presented. Some key user response results are: (1) most participants used the smart parking system 1–3 days a month for commute travel and (2) 37% of respondents had seen the changeable message signs with parking information, but only 32% of those used this information to decide whether to continue driving or take BART. Some key changes in participant travel behavior include: (1) increases in BART mode share, (2) reductions in drive alone modal share, (3) decreased average commute time, and (4) an overall reduction in total vehicle miles of travel. |
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