引入轨道特征的北斗列车定位方法研究

列车定位是轨道交通众多应用的基础条件，北斗卫星导航用于列车定位能够有效提升我国轨道交通装备的自主性.针对列车北斗定位性能对运行条件的适应性需求，本文提出一种引入轨道特征的北斗列车定位方法，该方法从轨道电子地图中提取轨道特征参数，在列车状态预测的系统模型中增加轨道约束，并利用一维地图位置预测拓展北斗导航卫星的伪距测量.利用现场实测数据构建场景进行仿真.所得结果表明，本文提出的方法能够提高列车定位解算对卫星可视条件的鲁棒性，有效拓展北斗列车定位在恶劣观测条件下的可用水平，具有较高的实际应用价值.

A BDS-based Train Positioning Method Considering Track Characteristics

Train positioning is one of the important fundamental factors for many railway transportation system applications. The implementation of BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) in train positioning is capable of greatly improving the autonomy for railway transportation equipments in China. According to the requirements of performance adaptability to the noise interference and operation conditions for train positioning using BDS, a train positioning method considering the track characteristics is proposed in this paper. With this method, characteristics of the rail tracks are extracted from the electronic track map database, with which the system model for state prediction is improved by track constraints, and the pseudo range observation model is enhanced with 1D track location measurement. Results from simulation with field scenes illustrate that the proposed method is capable of enhancing the robustness performance to BDS satellite visibility, and the availability of BDS-based positioning under critical observation conditions is significantly improved, which is with great value for application.