从"《大衍》写《九执》"公案中的南宫说看中唐时期印度天文学在华的地位及其影响

以南宫说的学术经历和历法知识构成为切入点，探讨了唐神龙元年到开元年间早期天文历算机构主要成员的学术活动、相互关系和他们历法知识中的外来成份，为解读“《大衍》写《九执历》，其术未尽”一案提供了一个丰富、可靠的历史背景，从而阐明了中唐时期印度天文学在官方天文学机构中的重要影响和《九执历》在当时历算学界的强势地位，并说明了瞿昙撰等提出指控的真正原因在于《大衍历》没有完整地“抄袭”《九执历》，最后指出瞿昙撰等提出指控的目的是为了维护印度天文学在唐代官方天文学中的地位，并让印度天文学更彻底地融入到中国本土天文学中去，而朝廷对该公案的判决结果在某种程度上阻碍了其后中国传统历法对印度历法中先进成份的吸收。

On the Position and Infflence of Indian Astronomy in Mid-Tang China through Nan Gong-yue's Experence

NAN Gong-yue's academic experience and the framework of his calendrical knowledge is investigated in this paper as a cross section to observe and recover the activities,relationships,and the foreign aspects in the astronomical knowledge of the members in the official or imperial astronomical organization from the first year of Shenlong Reign(705) to the early Kaiyuan Reign(713-741).Thereby a sound and reliable background is provided for understanding the calendrical debate between Dayanli and Jiuzhili.The author believes that Indian astronomy had an important influence on the Chinese official astronomy in the Mid-Tang Dynasty,and the Jiuzhili held actually a powerful position in the imperial astronomical organization then.And the real reason why QutanZhuan made an accusation against Dayanli is that the JiuZhili was incompletely copied by the Dayanli.Qutan-Zhuan's purpose of making the accusation was to protect the high status of Indian astronomy in the official astronomical organization of Tang Dynasty,and also to help the Indian astronomical elements filter into the Chinese native astronomy more successfully and completely.However the judgment made by the Tang government in some way blocked the advanced elements in the Indian astronomy to be assimilated by Chinese astronomy thenceforth.